نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد رشته علوم و مهندسی باغبانی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شیروان.
2 استادیار دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شیروان
چکیده
به منظور بررسی اثرهای تنش خشکی، اسید سالیسیلیک و پلی‌آمین‌ها بر عملکرد رشدی گیاه و میزان روغن و اسانس بذر سیاه‌دانه (Nigella sativa L.)، آزمایشی در سال زراعی 1400-1399 به‌صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 3 تکرار در گلخانه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه آزاد شیروان اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل تنش خشکی در چهار سطح (25، 50، 75 و 100 درصد ظرفیت زراعی (شاهد)) به‌عنوان عامل اول و محلول‌پاشی اسید سالیسیلیک، پوترسین و اسپرمیدین هر یک در دو سطح (0.5 و 1 میلی‌مولار) به‌عنوان عامل دوم بودند. نتایج نشان داد، بیشترین تعداد کپسول بارور در بوته (12.66)، تعداد دانه در کپسول (96.24) و شاخص برداشت (58.69%) در تیمار 100% ظرفیت زراعی بدست آمد. همچنین، بیشترین عملکرد دانه در گلدان در تیمار 100% ظرفیت زراعی (16.05 گرم) و اسید سالیسیلیک 1 میلی‌مولار (11.46 گرم) حاصل شد. از طرف دیگر، بیشترین ارتفاع بوته (62.5 سانتی‌متر)، وزن خشک تک بوته (6.44 گرم)، زیست‌توده در گلدان (32.2 گرم)، درصد روغن (31.21%) و عملکرد روغن (5.71 گرم در گلدان) در اثر متقابل تیمار 100% ظرفیت زراعی و اسید سالیسیلیک 1 میلی‌مولار و همچنین، بیشترین درصد اسانس (0.09%) در اثر متقابل تیمار 25% ظرفیت زراعی و اسید سالیسیلیک 1 میلی‌مولار حاصل شد. به‌طور کلی، نتایج نشان داد که بهترین تیمار برای سیاه‌دانه در شرایط گلخانه، آبیاری 100% ظرفیت زراعی و محلول‌پاشی اسید سالیسیلیک 1 میلی‌مولار بود. در کل، با افزایش شدت تنش، خصوصیات رشدی گیاه کاهش یافت، ولی با اعمال محلول‌پاشی اسید سالیسیلیک اثرات منفی تنش خشکی تعدیل یافت.
کلیدواژه‌ها
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