نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری دانشگاه زابل
2 گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده آب و خاک، دانشگاه زابل
3 دانشگاه زابل
چکیده
برای بررسی پروفایل شیمیایی و خواص آنتی‌اکسیدانی، ضد باکتریایی و ضد التهابی ریشه و اندام‌های هوایی گونه مرتعی- دارویی افسنطین (Artemisia absinthium L.)، نمونهبرداری از ریشه و اندام‌های هوایی گیاه در سه مرحله فنولوژیک (رشد رویشی، گلدهی و بذردهی) انجام شد. میزان فنل و فلاونوئید، فعالیت زیستی عصاره اتانولی در مراحل مختلف فنولوژی، فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی، قدرت احیاءکنندگی آهن (FRAP)، فعالیت ضد باکتریایی، حداقل غلظت مهارکنندگی (MIC) و حداقل غلظت کشندگی (MBC) و فعالیت ضد التهابی بررسی شدند. بیشترین میزان فنل کل (2 ± 4/86 میلی‌گرم برابر اسید گالیک بر گرم وزن خشک گیاه) و فلاونوئید کل (3/1 ± 36.2 میلی‌گرم برابر کوئرستین بر گرم وزن خشک گیاه) در ریشه و در مرحله گلدهی گیاه وجود داشت. بررسی فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی عصاره‌ها نشان داد که مرحله گلدهی گیاه از فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی بالاتری برخوردار بود. حداقل مقدار IC50 (15.4 میکروگرم بر میلی‌لیتر) مربوط به عصاره ریشه در مرحله گلدهی گیاه بود و بالاترین میزان IC50 (271.65 میکروگرم بر میلی‌لیتر) برای عصاره اندام‌های هوایی در مرحله رویشی بود. در بررسی فعالیت آنتی‌باکتریایی عصاره‌ها، عصاره ریشه مربوط به مرحله گلدهی گیاه از بالاترین فعالیت ضد باکتریایی برخوردار بود و بیشترین قطر هاله عدم رشد (22 میلی‌متر) برای این عصاره در برابر باکتری استافیلوکوکوس اورئوس مشاهده گردید. حداقل غلظت مهار (18.7 میلی‌گرم بر میلی‌لیتر) و حداقل غلظت کشندگی (37.5 میلی‌گرم بر میلی‌لیتر) این عصاره در برابر باکتری‌های استافیلوکوکوس اورئوس و باسیلوس سرئوس ثبت شد. باکتری‌های ویبریوکلرا (حداقل غلظت مهار 37.5 میلی‌گرم بر میلی‌لیتر و حداقل غلظت کشندگی 75 میلی‌گرم بر میلی‌لیتر) و اشریشیاکلی (حداقل غلظت کشندگی 75 میلی‌گرم بر میلی‌لیتر و حداقل غلظت کشندگی 150 میلی‌گرم بر میلی‌لیتر) در برابر عصاره مذکور حساسیت کمتری نشان دادند. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که گونه مورد مطالعه در مرحله گلدهی دارای بیشترین فعالیت ضد التهابی است و عصاره بدست آمده از ریشه گیاه در تمام مراحل فنولوژی از فعالیت ضد التهابی بالاتری نسبت به اندام‌های هوایی گیاه برخوردار است. براساس این نتایج، گیاه افسنطین و به‌طور خاص مرحله گلدهی آن دارای فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی، ضد باکتریایی و ضد التهابی مناسبی است و می‌توان آن را به‌عنوان جایگزینی مناسب برای آنتی‌اکسیدان‌ها و آنتی‌بیوتیک‌ها و ضد التهاب‌های مصنوعی مد نظر قرار داد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
- ترکیبهای شیمیایی
- فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی
- فعالیت ضد باکتریایی
- فعالیت ضد التهابی
- مرحله فنولوژی
- Artemisia absinthium L
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