همکاری با انجمن علمی گیاهان دارویی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترا، گروه علوم زراعی و باغی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

2 دانشیار، بخش تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

3 استاد، بخش تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

4 استاد، گروه علوم زراعی و باغی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر روش‌های حاصلخیزی خاک بر عملکرد اقتصادی و اجزای اسانس سیاه‌دانه (Nigella sativa L.)، آزمایشی در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل سطوح مختلف کودهای شیمیایی ‏NPK‏، کود دامی، تلفیق کودهای ‏NPK‏ با کود دامی و همچنین تلفیق کودهای ‏شیمیایی و دامی همراه با تلقیح کود زیستی آزوریزوبیوم در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد بود. صفات عملکرد دانه، عملکرد اندام‌ هوایی و درصد، عملکرد و ترکیب اسانس بررسی شدند. نتایج نشان داد، بیشترین عملکرد دانه (1270.43 کیلوگرم در هکتار) در تیمار 40 کیلوگرم در هکتار نیتروژن+ 32 کیلوگرم در هکتار فسفر+ 40 کیلوگرم در هکتار پتاسیم+30 تن در هکتار کود دامی به‌دست آمد. بیشترین درصد (0.25%) و عملکرد اسانس (2.8 کیلوگرم در هکتار) در تیمار 40 کیلوگرم در هکتار نیتروژن+ 32 کیلوگرم در هکتار فسفر+ 40 کیلوگرم در هکتار پتاسیم+ 30 تن در هکتار کود دامی+ آزوریزوبیوم و بیشترین درصد تیموکینون (14.9%) در تیمار 30 تن در هکتار کود دامی بدست آمدند. به‌طور کلی تیمارهای تلفیقی و زیستی، بیشترین تأثیر مثبت را بر عملکرد دانه و درصد اسانس سیاه‌دانه داشتند. استفاده از منابع کودی مناسب، نه تنها موجب افزایش عملکرد، مقدار اسانس و ترکیب تیموکینون در سیاهدانه شد بلکه پیامدهای ناشی از مصرف بی‌رویه کودهای شیمیایی را کاهش داد. استفاده از روش‌های کوددهی تلفیقی گامی موثر جهت دستیابی به اهداف کشاورزی پایدار است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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