همکاری با انجمن علمی گیاهان دارویی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران

3 دانشجوی دکترا، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران

چکیده

برای بررسی عملکرد کمّی و کیفی زنیان (Carum copticum L.) به قطع آبیاری در رژیم‌های مختلف تغذیه‌ای، آزمایشی به‌صورت کرت‌های خرد شده بر پایه طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی سازمان جهاد کشاورزی سروستان- استان فارس در سال زراعی 98-1397 اجرا شد. عامل اصلی شامل آبیاری در دو سطح (آبیاری مطلوب و قطع آبیاری در مرحله گلدهی) و عامل فرعی شامل سطوح تغذیه‌ای در شش سطح (شاهد، میکوریزا، 15 تن کود دامی در هکتار، 15 تن کود دامی در هکتار+ میکوریزا، 30 تن کود دامی در هکتار و 30 تن کود دامی در هکتار+ میکوریزا) بود. قطع آبیاری به‌طور میانگین به‌ترتیب سبب کاهش 30.65، 37.25، 46.12، 43.40، 24.40، 41.78، 19.68 و 52.86 درصدی ارتفاع بوته، تعداد چتر در بوته، تعداد دانه در چتر، وزن هزاردانه، عملکرد دانه، عملکرد زیستی، درصد اسانس و عملکرد اسانس نسبت به آبیاری مطلوب شد. استفاده از کود دامی و قارچ میکوریزا نسبت به حالت عدم کاربردشان مثبت ارزیابی شد. به‌طوری که هم در تیمار آبیاری مطلوب و هم قطع آبیاری سبب افزایش همه صفات ذکر شده گردید. اما برهم‌کنش سطوح آبیاری و منابع تغذیه‌ای تنها در صفات درصد اسانس و عملکرد اسانس معنی‌دار شدند. بیشترین میزان اسانس (2.80%) در تیمار 30 تن در هکتار کود دامی در هکتار+ میکوریزا و آبیاری مطلوب و کمترین میزان (1.60%) در تیمار شاهد و آبیاری مطلوب مشاهده شد. بیشترین عملکرد اسانس (15.02 کیلوگرم در هکتار) در تیمار 30 تن کود دامی در هکتار + میکوریزا و آبیاری مطلوب و کمترین این صفت (4.62 کیلوگرم در هکتار) نیز در تیمار شاهد و قطع آبیاری بدست آمد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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