همکاری با انجمن علمی گیاهان دارویی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی، گروه کشاورزی، واحد سبزوار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، سبزوار، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، واحد یزد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، یزد، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه کشاورزی، واحد کاشمر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کاشمر، ایران

4 استادیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، واحد اردکان، دانشگاه اردکان، اردکان، ایران

5 دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد سبزوار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، سبزوار، ایران

چکیده

در مطالعه حاضر، ابتدا تأثیر عصاره آبی گیاهان آویشن باغی (Thymus vulgaris L.)، رازیانه (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.)، رزماری (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) و نعناع فلفلی (Mentha piperita L.)، بر کاهش رشد عامل بیماری پوسیدگی فوزاریومی خیار (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-cucumerinum (forc)) در شرایط درون شیشه‌ای، به‌وسیله آزمون دیسک کاغذی بررسی شد. براساس نتایج، به‌ترتیب عصاره آبی آویشن باغی، رازیانه، رزماری و نعناع فلفلی در غلظت ppm250 با 24.66، 17.33، 11.66 و 10.33 میلی‌متر قطر ناحیه بازدارندگی حداکثر فعالیت ضدقارچی را نسبت به شاهد (3.66 میلی‌متر قطر ناحیه بازدارندگی) نشان دادند. سپس تأثیر عصاره‌های آبی آویشن باغی و رازیانه روی گیاه خیار رقم ناگین تیمار شده با عامل بیماری
F. oxysporum در شرایط گلخانه مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. عصاره آبی آویشن باغی در غلظت ppm200 با 31% شاخص بیماری بیشترین کاهش علایم بیماری را نسبت به شاهد بیمار با 82.66% و تیمار رازیانه با 42% شاخص بیماری نشان داد. بررسی فعالیت آنزیم‌های پلی‌فنل اکسیداز، بتا- 1، 3-گلوکاناز و پراکسیداز در شرایط گلخانه نشان داد که فعالیت هر سه آنزیم روند افزایشی داشته است، به‌طوری که میزان فعالیت آنزیم‌ها در تیمار توأم عصاره آبی آویشن باغی (ppm200) و بیمارگر به‌ترتیب از ΔOD/min/mg protein 1.12، 1.11 و 0.27 در روز اول پس از مایه‌زنی به ΔOD /min/mg protein 5.25، 4.81 و 2.88 در روز دوازدهم افزایش یافت و دارای اختلاف معنی‌دار با شاهد بود. با توجه به نتایج این تحقیق مشخص شد که عصاره آبی آویشن باغی علاوه بر اثر مستقیم قارچ‌کشی قادر به افزایش فعالیت آنزیم‌های دفاعی در گیاه خیار است، در نتیجه القای مقاومت گیاه میزبان در برابر بیمارگر اتفاق می‌افتد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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