نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد فیزیک و حفاظت خاک، گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم‌آباد، ایران
2 استادیار، گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم‌آباد، ایران
3 استادیار، گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم‌آباد، ایران
چکیده
به‌منظور بررسی اثر کاربرد بیوچار پوسته برنج بر ویژگی‌های مختلف فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی (وزن تر و خشک اندام هوایی، ارتفاع گیاه، درصد و عملکرد اسانس، و محتوی کلروفیل‌ها، کاروتنوئیدها، نیتروژن، فسفر و پتاسیم) نعناع فلفلی (Mentha piperita L.) تحت رژیم‌های مختلف آبیاری، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سطوح مختلف بیوچار (صفر، 3 و 6 تن در هکتار) و آبیاری (100% آبیاری کامل (شاهد)، 60، 80 و 120 درصد آبیاری کامل) با چهار تکرار در آبان سال 1398 به‌صورت گلدانی در گلخانه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه لرستان اجرا شد. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین و کمترین وزن تر اندام هوایی تیمارهای 3 تن در هکتار بیوچار + 120% آبیاری کامل (24.2 گرم در گلدان) و 3 تن در هکتار بیوچار + 60% آبیاری کامل (13.3 گرم در گلدان) مشاهده گردید. در سطح 60% آبیاری کامل، وزن خشک، ارتفاع، عملکرد اسانس، غلظت نیتروژن و فسفر اندام هوایی گیاه در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد به‌ترتیب 39.8، 33.3، 26.2، 17.2 و 8.7 درصد کاهش معنی‌داری نشان داد؛ در حالی‌که درصد اسانس و غلظت پتاسیم اندام هوایی روند افزایشی داشت. با اعمال تنش آبی، مقدار کلروفیل a، b، کلروفیل کل و کاروتنوئیدها کاهش یافت. بیشترین مقدار کلروفیل کل در تیمار 6 تن در هکتار بیوچار + 100% آبیاری کامل مشاهده شد. کاربرد 6 تن در هکتار بیوچار سبب افزایش معنی‌دار وزن تر و خشک اندام هوایی، ارتفاع گیاه، درصد و عملکرد اسانس، رنگیزه‌های فتوسنتزی و غلظت عناصر نیتروژن، فسفر و پتاسیم اندام هوایی در مقایسه با تیمار عدم کاربرد بیوچار گردید. یافته‌ها نشان داد که بیشتر ویژگی‌های بررسی شده در تیمار 6 تن در هکتار بیوچار + 120% آبیاری کامل افزایش یافتند. هرچند با توجه به اهمیت نعناع فلفلی از جنبه تولید اسانس، بیشترین درصد اسانس در بالاترین سطح تنش آبی حاصل شد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
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