نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکترا، گروه علوم باغبانی، واحد علی‌آباد کتول، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرگان، ایران
2 استادیار، گروه علوم باغی و زراعی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
3 استادیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، واحد گرمسار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرمسار، ایران
4 دانشیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، واحد گرمسار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرمسار، ایران
چکیده
تنش شوری یکی از مهم‌ترین فاکتورهای کاهش عملکرد گیاهان در جهان به‌شمار می‌رود. کاربرد اسیدهیومیک به‌همراه سلنیوم می‌تواند با افزایش ظرفیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی، عملکرد گیاهان در شرایط تنش شوری را بهبود بخشد. به‌منظور ارزیابی اثرات کاربرد اسیدهیومیک و سلنیوم در شرایط تنش شوری در گیاه همیشه‌بهار (Calendula officinalis L.)، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح آماری کاملا تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال 1397، در شرایط گلخانه در شهرستان اسلامشهر اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل کلرید سدیم (صفر، 50 و 100 میلی‌گرم در لیتر)، اسیدهیومیک (صفر، 100 و 200 میلی‌گرم در لیتر) و سلنیوم (صفر، 5 و 10 میلی‌گرم در لیتر) و اثر توأم آنها بود. نتایج نشان داد که افزایش میزان شوری به‌طور معنی‌داری سبب کاهش وزن تر و خشک اندام هوایی و ریشه و تعداد گل در بوته شد. محلول‌پاشی با 200 میلی‌گرم در لیتر اسیدهیومیک و 10 میلی‌گرم در لیتر سلنیوم سبب بهبود محتوای کاروتنوئید گلبرگ و کلروفیل کل برگ در تمامی سطوح شوری شد. همچنین با افزایش سطح کلرید سدیم تا 100 میلی‌گرم در لیتر میزان پرولین به‌طور معنی‌داری افزایش یافت. در این بین، تیمارهای اثر متقابل اسیدهیومیک و سلنیوم تأثیر معنی‌داری در سطح 1% بر بهبود فعالیت آنزیم‌های سوپراکسید دیسموتاز و پراکسیداز در سطوح مختلف شوری داشتند. بیشترین میزان اسانس (1.37%) در تیمار اثر متقابل 200 میلی‌گرم در لیتر اسیدهیومیک و 10 میلی‌گرم در لیتر سلنیوم تحت تنش شوری 50 میلی‌گرم در لیتر کلرید سدیم بدست آمد. به‌طور کلی نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که محلول‌پاشی با 200 میلی‌گرم در لیتر اسیدهیومیک و 10 میلی‌گرم در لیتر می‌تواند در کاهش اثرات منفی تنش شوری بر گیاه دارویی همیشه‌بهار مؤثر باشد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
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