همکاری با انجمن علمی گیاهان دارویی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترا، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

2 استاد، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

3 استاد، گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

4 استاد، گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

چکیده

مرزنجوش (Origanum vulgare L.) گیاهی علفی، چندساله و متعلق به تیره نعناع است که به‌عنوان ادویه برای طعم دادن به غذاها و نیز برای اهداف طبی به‌عنوان ضدنفخ، معرق، خلط‌آور، آرام‌بخش، اشتهاآور، مدر، ضدسرفه و ضدروماتیسم مورد استفاده قرار می‌گیرد. جهت ارزیابی تأثیر تنش شوری بر برخی صفات رشدی و فیزیولوژیک، مقدار اسانس و جذب عناصر غذایی در دو زیرگونه از گیاه مرزنجوش، یک آزمایشی گلدانی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی و در سه تکرار اجرا گردید. فاکتورهای آزمایشی شامل دو زیرگونه مرزنجوش (ssp. gracile و ssp. vulgare) و تنش شوری در چهار سطح (0، 25، 50 و 100 میلی‌مولار از NaCl) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که تنش شوری تأثیر معنی‌داری بر صفات مورد اندازه‌گیری داشته است. با افزایش میزان شوری، ویژگی‌های رشدی (ارتفاع بوته، قطر ساقه، تعداد برگ و عملکرد ماده خشک)، محتوی نسبی آب برگ، شاخص کلروفیل (SPAD)، درصد و عملکرد اسانس، غلظت عناصر نیتروژن، فسفر، پتاسیم، نسبت پتاسیم به سدیم در برگ و ریشه کاهش، در حالی‌که مقادیر سدیم و کلر برگ و ریشه هر دو زیرگونه افزایش یافت. عکس‌العمل دو زیرگونه به سطوح مختلف تنش شوری متفاوت بود. تجمع بیشتر سدیم در ریشه‌ها و بالاتر بودن نسبت K/Na در برگ‌ها نسبت به ریشه‌ها نشان‌دهنده توانایی زیرگونه‌های مرزنجوش در محدود کردن انتقال و تجمع یون‌های Na+ در اندام‌های هوایی آنها می‌باشد. در مجموع یافته‌های این تحقیق نشان داد که زیرگونه vulgare به‌واسطه تجمع کمتر یون‌های سدیم و کلر، دارا بودن نسبت بالاتر K/Na و کاهش کمتر در شاخص کلروفیل و عملکرد ماده خشک از میزان تحمل بیشتری در برابر تنش شوری نسبت به زیرگونه gracile برخوردار است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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