همکاری با انجمن علمی گیاهان دارویی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد فیتوشیمی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

2 استاد، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

شناسه دیجیتال (DOR):
98.1000/1735-0905.1400.37.113.105.1.1576.1610

دو گونه Nepeta cataria L. و Nepeta bracteata Benth. (تیره نعناعیان) از گیاهان بومی ایران هستند. به‌منظور بررسی کمّی و کیفی اسانس دو گونه مذکور در حالت زراعی، بذر هشت جمعیت از این دو گونه از رویشگاه‌های طبیعی جمع‌آوری و در ایستگاه تحقیقات البرز مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع کشور (کرج، استان البرز) در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی کشت شد. سرشاخه‌های گل‌دار در زمان گلدهی کامل جمع‌آوری و پس از خشک کردن در دمای محیط، اسانس آنها با روش تقطیر با آب استخراج، و با دستگاه GC و GC/MS تجزیه و شناسایی شدند. بازده اسانس جمعیت‌های N. cataria بین 0.02 (کرج) تا 0.50% (اراک) متغیر بود. 23 ترکیب در اسانس این گونه شناسایی شد و ترکیب غالب در تمام جمعیت‌ها از ایزومرهای نپتالاکتون بود. نپتالاکتون III(a4-آلفا، 7-بتا،a 7-آلفا نپتالاکتون)، 44.4 (کرج) تا 91.6% (اراک) از اسانس و نپتالاکتونI (a4-آلفا، 7-آلفا، a7-آلفا نپتالاکتون)، 0.8 (کرج) تا 15.9% (بافق1) از اسانس را به خود اختصاص دادند. نپتالاکتونII (a4-آلفا، 7-آلفا، a7-بتا نپتالاکتون) فقط در جمعیت بافق2 (21.2%) مشاهده شد. میزان 8،1-سینئول در اسانس جمعیت‌های مختلف N. cataria از 0.4 (تفت1) تا 12.8% (کرج) متغیر بود. بازده اسانس در جمعیت‌های N. bracteata بین 0.02 (اردکان) و 0.80% (تفت 2) بود. 27 ترکیب در اسانس این گونه شناسایی شدند و ترکیب‌های عمده، 8،1-سینئول (1.0، 9.6 و41.0 درصد به‌ترتیب در جمعیت‌های طبس، اردکان و تفت2) و ژرانیل استات (0.9، 3.4 و 39.8 درصد به‌ترتیب در جمعیت‌های طبس، تفت2 و اردکان) بودند. به طور کل، نتایج نشان داد که جمعیت‌های N. cataria همگی از یک کموتایپ، اما جمعیت های N. bracteata از دو کموتایپ (کموتایپ ژرانیل استات و کموتایپ 8،1-سینئول) بودند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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