نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه ژنتیک و به‌نژادی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه بین‌المللی امام خمینی (ره)، قزوین، ایران
2 استادیار، گروه ژنتیک و به‌نژادی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه بین‌المللی امام خمینی (ره)، قزوین، ایران
3 استادیار، گروه مهندسی علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه بین‌المللی امام خمینی (ره)، قزوین، ایران
4 دکترای بیوتکنولوژی گیاهی، گروه بیوتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه بین‌المللی امام خمینی (ره)، قزوین، ایران
چکیده
شناسه دیجیتال (DOR):
98.1000/1735-0905.1399.36.1052.104.6.1575.160
به‌منظور بررسی اثر سیلیکون روی صفات مورفولوژی و درصد و ترکیب‌های اسانس گیاه ریحان (Ocimum basilicum L.) تحت تنش کادمیوم، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی اجرا گردید. فلز کادمیوم در سه سطح صفر، 25 و 50 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم خاک و تیمار سیلیکون با غلظت‌های صفر، 1 و 2 میلی‌مولار اعمال شد. صفات مورد ارزیابی شامل طول ریشه، وزن تر و خشک ریشه، ارتفاع بوته، وزن تر و خشک ساقه، قطر ساقه، تعداد برگ، وزن تر برگ، تعداد جوانه، تعداد ساقه فرعی و درصد و ترکیبات اسانس گیاه ریحان بوده است. نتایج نشان داد که کادمیوم روی همه صفات مورفولوژی مورد مطالعه اثر منفی داشته و موجب کاهش معنی‌دار مقادیر این صفات نسبت به شاهد شده است. اما اعمال تیمار سیلیکون موجب بهبود همه این صفات شده و با افزایش غلظت این عنصر روند افزایشی معنی‌داری در مقادیر صفات مشاهده گردید. کاربرد سیلیکون در تیمار 2 میلی‌مولار به‌ترتیب افزایش 63.8، 81، 61 و 61 درصدی صفات تعداد ساقه فرعی، وزن تر ریشه، وزن تر ساقه و تعداد جوانه را در مقایسه با شاهد نشان داد. مقدار پنج ترکیب 8،1-سینئول، لینالول، استراگول، متیل اوژنول و اوژنول به‌عنوان اصلی‌ترین اجزاء تشکیل‌دهنده اسانس ریحان به شکل معنی‌داری تحت تأثیر تیمارهای کادمیوم و سیلیکون قرار داشت. اما اثر متقابل این دو تیمار فقط بر روی سه ترکیب 8،1-سینئول، لینالول و متیل اوژنول تأثیر معنی‌داری نشان داد. بیشترین مقدار 8،1-سینئول و متیل اوژنول به‌ترتیب با مقادیر 5.06% و 6.21% در گیاهانی که تحت تیمار همزمان بیشترین غلظت کادمیوم و سیلیکون بودند مشاهده شد. مقدار ترکیب لینالول نیز در اثر حضور فلز کادمیوم کاهش و با اعمال تیمار سیلیکون افزایش یافت. تیمار کادمیوم منجر به افزایش 12.8 درصدی استراگول و کاهش 25.2 درصدی اوژنول گردید. تیمار سیلیکون نیز موجب افزایش 23.9 درصدی استراگول و کاهش 18.3 درصدی اوژنول شد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
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