نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران
2 دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران
چکیده
شناسه دیجیتال (DOR):
98.1000/1735-0905.1399.36.923.104.6.1575.1606
به‌منظور بررسی اثر لوبیا معمولی و بقایای آن بر صفات اگرومورفولوژیک، عملکرد و صفات کیفی زرین گیاه در شرایط کشت مخلوط و در نهایت بررسی سودمندی کشت مخلوط نسبت به کشت خالص زرین گیاه (Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss.)، آزمایشی در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه بوعلی سینای همدان در سال‌های زراعی 1397و 1398 اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل کشت مخلوط افزایشی 0، 20 و 40 درصد لوبیا معمولی با زرین گیاه بود. بقایای لوبیا در سال اول در زمین باقی ماند تا اثر باقی‌مانده لوبیا بر عملکرد کمّی و کیفی زرین گیاه در سال دوم مشخص شود. براساس نتایج حاصل، صفات اگرومورفولوژیک و عملکرد زرین گیاه در تیمارهای کشت مخلوط نسبت به تیمار شاهد (کشت خالص زرین گیاه) بهبود یافتند. نتایج حاصل از بررسی‌های انجام شده در مورد تولید متابولیت‌های ثانویه در برگ این گیاه حکایت از آن داشت که با بهبود شرایط اکولوژیک برای رشد و افزایش جذب نیتروژن توسط زرین گیاه، در کشت مخلوط با 20% لوبیا، درصد و عملکرد اسانس، میزان فنل و درصد آنتی‌اکسیدان نسبت به تیمار شاهد بیشتر شد، ولی ترکیب‌های فلاونوئیدی در تیمار شاهد افزایش یافتند. نتایج حاصل از بررسی اثر بقایای لوبیا بر صفات کمّی و کیفی زرین گیاه در سال دوم نشان داد که نیازهای زرین گیاه از لحاظ عناصر غذایی ازجمله نیتروژن تأمین شده و سبب افزایش عملکرد کمّی و کیفی زرین گیاه نسبت به تیمار شاهد شده است. عملکرد نسبی در زرین گیاه بالاتر از لوبیا بدست آمد که بیانگر سودبری زرین گیاه از کشت مخلوط با لوبیا است. در واقع، شاخص‌های LER (2<) نسبت رقابت و غالب بودن سودمندی کشت مخلوط زرین گیاه را نشان دادند. در کل، کشت مخلوط افزایشی 20% لوبیا با زرین گیاه به‌عنوان تیمار برتر شناسایی شد و می‌تواند برای تولید ارگانیک زرین گیاه توسط کشاورزان مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
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