نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری، اکولوژی گیاهان زراعی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران
2 دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران
چکیده
شناسه دیجیتال (DOR):
98.1000/1735-0905.1399.36.837.103.5.1578.1610
شوری از شایع‌ترین تنش‌های غیر زنده می‌باشد که منجر به کاهش زیادی در تولید محصولات کشاورزی می‌شود.تنظیم‌کننده‌های رشد گیاه نقش مهمی در رشد و توسعه گیاه در شرایط عادی و تنش ایفاء می‌کنند. به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر محلول‌پاشی جاسمونیک اسید و 24-اپی براسینولید بر عملکرد واجزای عملکرد، درصد روغن و اسانس و برخی ویژگی‌های فیزیولوژیک سیاه‌دانه (Nigella sativa L.) در شرایط تنش شوری آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در گلخانه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل 4 سطح شوری (0، 5، 10 و 15 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر NaCl) و سه سطح تنظیم‌کننده‌های رشد (شاهد بدون تنظیم‌کننده رشد، 0.1 میکرومول 24-اپی براسینولید و 0.5 میلی‌مول جاسمونیک اسید) بودند. نتایج مقایسات میانگین نشان داد که شوری موجب کاهش محصول بوته، تعداد دانه در کپسول، تعداد کپسول در بوته و درصد روغن دانه گردید. در حالی‌که وزن هزاردانه و مقدار پرولین را به‌طور معنی‌داری افزایش داد. تنظیم‌کننده‌های رشد نیز وزن هزاردانه و درصد روغن دانه را افزایش و مقدار پرولین را کاهش دادند. مقدار کلروفیل‌های a و b برگ با افزایش سطوح شوری کاهش یافت و در تمام سطوح شوری کاربرد جاسمونیک اسید و 24-اپی براسینولید مقادیر کلروفیل‌های a و b را افزایش دادند. مقدار مالون دی‌آلدئید با افزایش سطح شوری افزایش یافت و در تمام سطوح تنش، محلول‌پاشی تنظیم‌کننده‌های رشد مقدار مالون دی‌آلدئید را کاهش دادند. به‌علاوه درصد اسانس دانه با افزایش سطح شوری و همچنین در تمام سطوح شوری با تیمار تنظیم‌کننده‌های رشدی افزایش یافت. بنابراین توصیه می‌شود در شرایط شوری برای اجتناب از خسارتهای ناشی از تنش به‌منظور افزایش اسانس سیاه‌دانه که یک ترکیب بسیار مهم در صنایع دارویی می‌باشد و همچنین افزایش درصد روغن، وزن هزاردانه و رنگدانه‌های فتوسنتزی، تنظیم‌کننده‌های رشدی براسینواستروئید و جاسمونیک اسید با هزینه اندک و به‌صورت محلول‌پاشی استفاده شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
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