نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران
2 دانشیار، گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران
3 دانشیار، گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران، ایران
4 دانشیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
چکیده
شناسه دیجیتال (DOR):
98.1000/1735-0905.1399.36.801.103.5.1578.46
مریم‌گلی با نام علمی Salvia leriifolia Benth. از گیاهان دارویی بومی ایران است که خواص دارویی آن به حضور ترکیب‌های فنلی، به‌ویژه اسیدهای فنلی نسبت داده شده است. این پژوهش، تأثیر سن (فنولوژی) را بر بیان ژن و فعالیت آنزیم‌های بیوسنتزی اسیدهای فنلی مورد بررسی قرار داد. بذرهای گیاه از شهرستان تربت‌حیدریه (خراسان رضوی) جمع‌آوری و در گلخانه کاشته شد. نمونه‌برداری از برگ‌ها، در مراحل 8، 16 و 24 برگی از دوره رشد انجام شد. محتوای فنل، فلاونوئید و اسید فنلی تام به روش اسپکتروفتومتری و پروفایل اسیدهای فنلی، با استفاده از کروماتوگرافی مایع با کارایی بالا (HPLC) تعیین شد. فعالیت فنیل‌آلانین آمونیالیاز (PAL) و تیروزین آمینوترانسفراز (TAT) به روش اسپکتروفتومتری و رزمارینیک اسید سنتاز (RAS) با HPLC اندازه‌گیری شد. بیان نسبی ژنهای ذکرشده، با روش RT-PCR کمّی بررسی شد. نتایج حکایت از افزایش معنی‌دار (0.05≥p ) محتوای انواع ترکیب‌های فنلی و فعالیت آنزیم/ژنهای TAT و RAS همراه با افزایش سن داشت. در مرحله 24 برگی، مقدار کل فنل، فلاونوئید و اسید فنلی به‌ترتیب 3.47، 2.80 و 7.78 برابر مرحله 8 برگی بود. محتوای رزمارینیک اسید و کافئیک اسید (به‌ترتیب 0.69 و mg/g DW 0.36 در مرحله 8 برگی)، طی رشد رویشی به‌ترتیب 3.41 و 4.05 برابر شد. لیتوسپرمیک اسید و سالوینولیک اسیدها (mg/g DW 0.06-0.01 در مرحله 8 برگی)، سهم کمتری از کل اسیدهای فنلی را داشتند. مقدار آنها نیز با افزایش سن، بین 2 تا 10 برابر افزایش یافت. همچنین، یک همبستگی مثبت و قوی میان سن گیاه با تجمع اسیدهای فنلی و میان سن و فعالیت آنزیم/ژنهای TAT و RAS مشاهده شد. این امکان وجود دارد که آنزیم TAT (در مقایسه با PAL) نقش اصلی را در بیوسنتز RA داشته باشد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
- تیروزین آمینوترانسفراز
- رزمارینیک اسید
- رزمارینیک اسید سنتاز
- رشد رویشی
- فنیل‌آلانین آمونیالیاز
- مریم‌گلی (Salvia leriifolia Benth.)
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