نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و مرکز تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران، ایران
2 دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و مرکز تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران، ایران
3 استاد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه رامین، ملاثانی، خوزستان، ایران
چکیده
شناسه دیجیتال (DOR):
98.1000/1735-0905.1399.36.670.102.4.1578.1610
به‌منظور بررسی اثر محلول‌پاشی تنظیم‌کننده‌های رشد گیاهی بر پارامترهای رشد، عملکرد، برخی خصوصیات مورفوفیزیولوژیکی و آلکالوئیدهای گیاه پروانش (Catharanthus roseus) تحت تنش خشکی، آزمایشی به‌صورت اسپلیت پلات فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در مزارع تحقیقاتی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز در سال زراعی 96-1395 اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل تنش خشکی به‌عنوان عامل اصلی در سه سطح 40% (شاهد)، 60% و 80% حداکثر حد مجاز تخلیه رطوبتی خاک و محلول‌پاشی اسید جاسمونیک (JA) در دو سطح (صفر و 10 میکرومولار) و اسید سالیسیلیک (SA) در چهار سطح (صفر، 0.1، 1 و 10 میلی‌مولار) به‌عنوان عامل‌های فرعی بود. براساس نتایج مقایسه میانگین اثرهای اصلی، تنش خشکی 80% موجب کاهش 36.6 درصدی وزن تر و 25.4 درصدی وزن خشک گیاه نسبت به تیمار شاهد شد. تیمار 10 میلی‌مولار SA موجب افزایش 13.4، 125.5 و 59.6 درصدی به‌ترتیب در صفات ارتفاع، سطح برگ و وزن خشک گل نسبت به شاهد (صفر) گردید. کاربرد JA موجب افزایش 16.3 و 8.6 درصدی به‌ترتیب در وزن خشک گل و وزن تر گیاه شد. نتایج نشان داد بیشترین وین‌کریستین و وین‌بلاستین به‌ترتیب با کاربرد 1 و 10 میلی‌مولار SA بدست آمد. اثر متقابل کاربرد هر دو تنظیم‌کننده رشد گیاهی و تنش خشکی، بیشترین محتوای آلکالوئیدها را نشان داد. بیشترین وین‌بلاستین و وین‌کریستین، تحت تنش شدید خشکی، به‌ترتیب همراه با محلول‌پاشی µM JA10+ mM SA1 و µM JA10+ mM SA10 حاصل شد.
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