نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران
2 استادیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران
3 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران
چکیده
شناسه دیجیتال (DOR):
98.1000/1735-0905.1398.36.376.101.3.1578.41
اطمینان از تولید سالم و پایدار محصولات کشاورزی به‌ویژه گیاهان دارویی همراه با حفظ محیط‌زیست موضوع قابل توجهی است که هر روز بر اهمیت آن افزوده می‌شود. به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر کاربرد کود جلبک دریایی بر خصوصیات رشدی و عملکرد کمّی و کیفی گیاه دارویی زوفا (Hyssopus officinalis L.)، آزمایشی در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با چهار تیمار (صفر، 2.5، 5 و 10 میلی‌لیتر بر لیتر) از کود مایع جلبک دریایی و سه تکرار به‌صورت محلول‌پاشی در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس در سال 1396 انجام شد. صفات اندازه‌گیری شده شامل ارتفاع بوته، سطح برگ، قطر ساقه، طول سرشاخه گلدار، وزن تر و خشک بوته، شاخص سبزینگی، درصد و اجزای اسانس بودند. نتایج حاصل از این آزمایش نشان داد که تیمار کود جلبک دریایی بر تمامی صفات مورد مطالعه بجز طول سرشاخه گلدار و قطر ساقه تأثیر معنی‌داری داشت و بالاترین ارتفاع بوته (49.66 سانتی‌متر)، بیشترین وزن تر بوته (103.22 گرم)، بیشترین وزن خشک بوته (22.89 گرم)، بیشترین سطح برگ (0.77 سانتی‌متر مربع) و بیشترین میزان شاخص سبزینگی (61.83) در حضور کاربرد کود جلبک دریایی بدست آمد. همچنین تیمار 10 میلی‌لیتر از کود جلبک دریایی بیشترین درصد و عملکرد اسانس (0.58% و 2.12 گرم بر مترمربع) را موجب شد. آنالیز اسانس نشان داد که ترکیب‌های بتا-پینن، ترنس-پینوکامفن و سیس-پینوکامفن اجزا غالب اسانس در تمامی تیمارها بودند. بیشترین میزان بتا-پینن (32.8%)، سیس-پینوکامفن (42.5%) و ترنس-پینوکامفن (19.6%) در تیمارهای کاربرد کود جلبک دریایی بدست آمد ولی اختلاف چندانی با تیمار شاهد نداشتند. براساس نتایج حاصل از این تحقیق، مصرف کود جلبک دریایی می‌تواند موجب بهبود ویژگی‌های شاخص‌های رشدی و عملکرد کمّی و کیفی گیاه دارویی زوفا گردد.
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