همکاری با انجمن علمی گیاهان دارویی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای زراعت، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

2 ، دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

3 استادیار، بخش تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

4 استاد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

شناسه دیجیتال (DOR):
98.1000/1735-0905.1398.35.705.97.5.1575.1610

این تحقیق به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر تنش آب و محلول‌پاشی اسید سالیسیلیک و اسپرمین بر مراحل فنولوژیک و عملکرد ترکیب‌های اسید کافئیک گیاه دارویی سرخارگل (Echinacea purpurea L.)، به‌صورت کرت‌های خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال‌های زراعی 1395 و 1396 در مزرعه مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع کشور اجرا گردید. در این آزمایش رژیم آبیاری در سه سطح (آبیاری پس از تخلیه 20، 40 و 60 درصد رطوبت قابل دسترس) به‌عنوان فاکتور اصلی و تیمار محلول‌پاشی (عدم محلول‌پاشی، محلول‌پاشی اسید سالیسیلیک در دو سطح 75 و 150 میلی‌گرم در لیتر، اسپرمین در یک سطح 70 میلی‌گرم در لیتر، اسید سالیسیلیک 75 + اسپرمین و اسید سالیسیلیک 150 + اسپرمین) به‌عنوان فاکتور فرعی در نظر گرفته شد. تأثیر رژیم آبیاری و محلول‌پاشی اسید سالیسیلیک و اسپرمین بر صفات مورد مطالعه معنی‌دار بود. در اثر تنش خشکی مراحل فنولوژیک و عملکرد اکیناکوزید و سینارین در گل، اسید شیکوریک، اسید کافتاریک و سینارین در برگ کاهش ولی عملکرد اسید کلروژنیک گل و ترکیب‌های اسید کافئیکی ریشه (اسید شیکوریک، اکیناکوزید، اسید کلروژنیک، اسید کافتاریک و سینارین) افزایش یافت. محلول‌پاشی گیاهان با اسید سالیسیلیک و اسپرمین موجب افزایش تمامی صفات مورد مطالعه گردید. برهم‌کنش اثرهای تنش خشکی و محلول‌پاشی بر عملکرد ترکیب‌های اسید کافئیکی ریشه معنی‌دار شد. بیشترین عملکرد اسید شیکوریک (9.49 کیلوگرم در هکتار)، اکیناکوزید (0.67 کیلوگرم)، اسید کلروژنیک (0.261 کیلوگرم)، اسید کافتاریک (7.31 کیلوگرم) و سینارین ریشه (0.269 کیلوگرم) در سطح آبیاری پس از 60% تخلیه آب با کاربرد توأم غلظت بالای اسید سالیسیلیک و اسپرمین بدست آمد. براساس نتایج این آزمایش محلول‌پاشی سرخارگل با اسید سالیسیلیک و اسپرمین موجب بهبود عملکرد ترکیب‌های اسید کافئیکی در گیاه سرخارگل در هر دو شرایط بدون تنش و تنش کم‌آبی گردید.

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