نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
استادیار، دانشگاه بین‌المللی امام خمینی (ره)، قزوین، ایران
چکیده
شناسه دیجیتال (DOR):
98.1000/1735-0905.1398.35.834.97.5.1662.1610
اگرچه استفاده از کودهای شیمیایی تولید محصول را افزایش می‌دهند، اما مصرف طولانی مدت آنها سبب فشردگی و کاهش حاصلخیزی خاک، افزایش آلودگی هوا و آب و همچنین افزایش انتشار گازهای گلخانه‌ای شده که در نهایت منجر به وارد آمدن آسیب جدی به سلامت انسان و محیط‌زیست می‌شوند. این پژوهش با هدف مطالعه و مقایسه تأثیر تغذیه با کود شیمیایی و کودهای زیستی بر کمّیت و کیفیت گیاه دارویی گشنیز (Coriandrum sativum L.) در سال زراعی 96-97 در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با چهار تیمار شامل: کاربرد عصاره جلبک دریایی، هیومیک اسید، کود شیمیایی ماکرو (NPK) و شاهد (بدون استفاده از کود) و 5 تکرار انجام شد. نتایج حاصل از این تحقیق نشان داد که تیمارهای آزمایشی تأثیر معنی‌داری بر اغلب صفات مورد اندازه‌گیری داشتند، به‌طوری که بیشترین ارتفاع بوته، وزن خشک بوته، تعداد چتر در بوته، تعداد بذر در بوته، وزن هزاردانه، تعداد شاخه فرعی درجه اول، مقدار کلروفیل، مقدار کاروتنوئید برگ و درصد اسانس بذر از گیاهان تیمار شده با کود شیمیایی و عصاره جلبک بدست آمد. از سوی دیگر بالاترین وزن تر بوته از تیمار کاربرد کود شیمیایی حاصل گردید، اما بیشترین تعداد شاخه فرعی درجه دوم (9.08 عدد) و بالاترین درصد لینالول (61.32%) در اسانس، از گیاهانی حاصل شد که عصاره جلبک دریافت کرده بودند. نتایج حکایت از آن داشت که استفاده از عصاره جلبک در بسیاری از صفات کمّی و کیفی توانست به خوبی جایگزین کاربرد کود شیمیایی گردد.
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