همکاری با انجمن علمی گیاهان دارویی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای زراعت، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

3 استاد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

4 استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی اصفهان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

شناسه دیجیتال (DOR):
98.1000/1735-0905.1398.35.408.95.3.1576.41

به‌منظور تعیین اثر کود شیمیایی و تراکم بوته بر ویژگی‌های کمّی و کیفی گیاه دارویی صنعتی گوار (Cyamopsis tetragonaloba L.) آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در دو سال زراعی 94-93 و 95-94 انجام گردید. کود شیمیایی به‌عنوان عامل اول در دو سطح (60، 70، 70) و (90، 100، 100) کیلوگرم در هکتار به‌ترتیب نیتروژن، فسفر و پتاس و عامل دوم سه تراکم 60، 75 و 90 بوته در مترمربع در نظر گرفته شد. نتایج نشان داد که در آزمایش سال اول سطوح کودی بر هیچ‌یک از صفات بجز عامل تورم معنی‌دار نشد. تراکم بر تعداد نیام در سطح 1% معنی‌دار گردید و بر دیگر صفات معنی‌دار نشد. اثر متقابل کود و تراکم بر میزان موسیلاژ معنی‌دار گردید. در آزمایش سال دوم کود بر زیست توده و موسیلاژ معنی‌دار شد و بر بقیه صفات معنی‌دار نشد. سطوح تراکم نیز بر زیست توده و تعداد نیام معنی‌دار شد و اثر متقابل کود و تراکم بر میزان موسیلاژ معنی‌دار و بر بقیه صفات غیرمعنی‌دار شد. مقایسه میانگین‌ها حکایت از افزایش زیست توده و دانه در سال دوم در هر دو عامل داشت. با کاهش تراکم، تعداد شاخه و به‌تبع آن تعداد نیام در بوته افزایش یافت که موجب افزایش عملکرد نیز شد. مقادیر پروتئین خام دانه در سال دوم افزایش نشان داد. میزان موسیلاژ دانه در سال دوم کاهش نشان داد. در این آزمایش میزان تورم دانه با میزان موسیلاژ همبستگی مثبت نداشت. با توجه به نتایج بدست‌آمده در این مطالعه و همچنین لگوم بودن گوار و امکان تأمین بخشی از نیاز تغذیه‌ای توسط خود گیاه، در صورتی که هدف تولید موسیلاژ باشد سطح کودی اول (60، 70، 70) و تراکم 60 بوته در مترمربع در شرایط مشابه با این تحقیق توصیه می‌گردد.

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