نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، ایران
2 دانشیار، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران
چکیده
کدوی پوست کاغذی به‌دلیل کاربرد فراوان آن در صنایع داروسازی و پزشکی و به‌ویژه در درمان پروستات از اهمیت زیادی برخوردار است. به‌منظور تعیین تاریخ کاشت مناسب و ارزیابی اثر گوگرد بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد کدوی پوست کاغذی (Cucurbita pepo L.) مطالعه‌ای به‌صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل، در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با 3 تکرار و دو فاکتور در مزرعه‌ای در شهرستان خلیل‌آباد واقع در استان خراسان رضوی، در سال زراعی 1394-1393 انجام شد. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل تاریخ کاشت در 3 سطح (اول، 10 و 20 اردیبهشت) و کاربرد گوگرد آلی گرانوله در 4 سطح (صفر، 150، 300 و 450 کیلوگرم در هکتار) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که اثر تاریخ کاشت بر طول ساقه اصلی، تعداد شاخه جانبی، بیوماس کل، تعداد دانه در میوه، وزن دانه در میوه، وزن هزاردانه، عملکرد میوه و دانه در هکتار و درصد روغن معنی‌دار بود. با تأخیر در کاشت از اول اردیبهشت به 20 اردیبهشت، وزن هزاردانه 14% کاهش یافت. نتایج بهینه بودن تاریخ کاشت اول اردیبهشت را در بین تیمارهای تاریخ کاشت در بیشتر صفات مورد بررسی نشان داد. بالاترین طول ساقه اصلی، ضریب تبدیل گل و تعداد میوه در بوته مربوط به کاربرد 450 کیلوگرم گوگرد در هکتار بود. بالاترین عملکرد دانه در تیمار کاربرد 300 کیلوگرم گوگرد در هکتار مشاهده شد. نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد 300 و 450 کیلوگرم گوگرد در هکتار در تاریخ کشت اول در پارامترهای عملکرد میوه در هکتار، عملکرد دانه در هکتار و درصد روغن دارای مقادیر بیشتری نسبت به سایر تیمارها بود. نتایج بیانگر اثرهای سودمند کاربرد کودهای گوگردی به مقدار 300 یا 450 کیلوگرم در هکتار، برای گیاه کدوی پوست کاغذی در تاریخ اول اردیبهشت بود.
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