نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران
2 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران
چکیده
امروزه مهمترین اصل برای دستیابی به حاصلخیزی خاک و تغذیه مناسب گیاهی در کشاورزی ارگانیک، استفاده از نهاده‌های آلی و زیستی به جای کودهای شیمیایی می‌باشد. کاربرد این نهاده‌ها، علاوه‌بر تأمین سلامت گیاهان دارویی موجب حفاظت محیط‌زیست نیز می‌شود. این پژوهش، به‌منظور ارزیابی کاربرد ورمی‌کمپوست و اسید هیومیک بر صفات مورفولوژیک، عملکرد، درصد و ترکیب‌های اسانس در کشت ارگانیک گیاه دارویی زنیان (Trachyspermum ammi L.) انجام شد. برای بررسی اثر تیمارهای ورمی‌کمپوست در سه سطح (صفر، 5 و 10 تن در هکتار) و اسید هیومیک در سه سطح (صفر، 5/0 و 1 درصد) آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال 1393 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه کردستان اجرا شد. نتایج آزمایش نشان داد که بیشترین ارتفاع بوته و تعداد چترک در چتر، از کاربرد سطح سوم ورمی‌کمپوست حاصل گردید. سطح سوم اسید هیومیک نیز موجب افزایش معنی‌دار صفات ارتفاع بوته و تعداد چترک در چتر شد. براساس اثرات هم‌افزایی بین ورمی‌کمپوست و اسید هیومیک، بیشترین تعداد چتر در بوته، عملکرد دانه، عملکرد بیولوژیک و درصد اسانس از کاربرد توأم سطح سوم ورمی‌کمپوست و سطح سوم اسید هیومیک بدست آمد. بنابراین به نظر می‌رسد که می‌توان از کودهای آلی مانند ورمی‌کمپوست و اسید هیومیک به‌عنوان جایگزینی مناسب برای کودهای شیمیایی برای حصول شرایط مطلوب برای بهبود عملکرد کمّی و کیفی گیاه دارویی زنیان استفاده کرد.
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