نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 کارشناس ارشد، اداره منابع طبیعی و آبخیزداری شهرستان پیرانشهر، ایران
2 دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه، ایران
3 استادیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه، ایران
چکیده
بادرشبی (Dracocephalum moldavica L.) گیاهی یک‌ساله و معطر از تیره نعناعیان است که در طب سنتی و نوین، در درمان برخی از ناراحتی‌های گوارشی، قلبی و عروقی کاربرد دارد. به‌منظور بررسی اثر اسید سالیسیلیک بر عملکرد و اسانس بادرشبی در شرایط تنش خشکی، آزمایشی مزرعه‌ای در ایستگاه تحقیقاتی اداره منابع طبیعی و آبخیزداری شهرستان پیرانشهر در سال 1391 به‌صورت کرت‌های خردشده بر پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. عامل اصلی شامل سه سطح آبیاری (40، 80 و 120 میلی‌متر تبخیر از تشتک تبخیر) و سه سطح افشانه کردن با اسید سالیسیلیک (0، 5/0 و 1 میلی‌مولار)، به‌عنوان عامل فرعی بودند. نتایج نشان داد که اثر تنش خشکی بر عملکرد خشک، وزن هزاردانه، شاخص برداشت سرشاخه گلدار و عملکرد اسانس معنی‌دار بود. مشابه آن در تأثیر افشانه کردن اسید سالیسیلیک بر عملکرد خشک و عملکرد اسانس نیز دیده شد. شایان ذکر است که عملکرد خشک و عملکرد اسانس بیشترین تأثیر را از تنش خشکی متحمل شدند. به‌علاوه، وزن هزاردانه و شاخص برداشت سرشاخه گلدار در تیمار آبیاری 120 میلی‌متر تبخیر از تشتک بیشترین مقدار را نشان دادند. نتایج این پژوهش همچنین نشان داد که اثر متقابل دو فاکتور مورد بررسی بر درصد اسانس و شاخص برداشت اسانس معنی‌دار بود. به‌طوری که، بیشترین درصد اسانس و شاخص برداشت اسانس مربوط به کاربرد میزان 1 میلی‌مولار اسید سالیسیلیک در 120 میلی‌متر تبخیر از تشتک بودند.
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