- Abourashed, E.A., El-Alfy, A.T., Khan, I.A. and Walker, L., 2003. Ephedra in perspective-a current review. Phytotherapy Research, 17(7): 703-712.
- Asadi, M., 2000. Flora of Iran: Ephedraceae Family. Research Institute of Forest and Rangelands, Tehran, 58p.
- Baher, Z., Ahmadi, L. and Babakhanloo, P., 2000. Comparison content of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine in different Ephedra spp of Iran. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 6: 48-65.
- Caveney, S., Charlet, D.A., Freitag, H., Maier-Stolte, M. and StarCraft, A.N., 2001. New observations on the secondary chemistry of world
Ephedra (Ephedraceae).
American Journal of Botany, 88(7): 1199-1208.
- Fukushima, K., 2004. Bioactivity of Ephedra: integrating cytotoxicity assessment with real-time biosensing. The Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Maryland, College Park, in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science.
- Ghahreman, A., 1993. Plant Systematics: Cormophytes of Iran (Vol. 2). Tehran University Press, Tehran, 842p.
- Haller, C.A., Duan, M., Benowitz, N.L. and Jacob, P., 2004. Concentrations of ephedra alkaloids and caffeine in commercial dietary supplements. Journal of Analytical Toxicology, 28(3): 145-151.
- Hejazi, G.A.E. and El-Lamey, T.M., 2011. Callus induction and extraction of ephedrine from Ephedra alata Culture. American-Eurassian Journal Agriculture and Inviroment Science, 11: 19-25.
- Karimi, F., Amini Eshkevari, T. and Zeinali, A., 2009. Differences of total atropine and scopolamine contents in leaves of Atropa belladonna L. from Vaz area-north of Iran in relation to some environmental and phonological factors. Iranian Journal of Plant Biology, 1: 77-88.
- Kashki, M.T. 2000. Comparison content of alkaloids in endemic species of Ephedra in Khorasan province. Final Report of Research Project, Khorasan Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Center, (In Persian).
- Makkar, H.P.S., Bluemmel, M., Borowy, N.K. and Becker, K., 1993. Gravimetric determination of tannins and their correlations with chemical and protein precipitation methods. Journal of the Science and Food Agriculture, 61: 161-165.
- Meda, A., Lamien, C.E., Romito, M., Millogo, J. and Nacoulma, O.G., 2005. Determination of the total phenolic, flavonoid and proline contents in Burkina Fasan honey, as well as their radical scavenging activity. Food Chemistry, 91(3): 571-577.
- Roxanas, M.G. and Spalding J., 1977. Ephedrine abuse psychosis. Medical Journal of Australia, 2(19): 639-643.
- Schaneberg, B.T., Crockett, S., Bedir, E. and Khan, I.A., 2003. The role of chemical fingerprinting: application to Ephedra. Phytochemistry, 62(6): 911-918.
- Shamsa, F., Monsef, H., Ghamooshi, R. and Verdian-rizi, M., 2008. Spectrophotometric determination of total alkaloids in some Iranian medicinal plants. Thailand Journal of Pharmacy and Science, 32: 17-20.
- Taiz, I. and Zeiger, E., 2010. Plant Physiology. Sinauer Associates, 782p.
- Valizadeh, R., Ghadami Kohestani, M. and Melati, F., 2010. Chemical composition, in situ degradability and in vitro gas production of ephedra plant (Ephedra intermedia). Iranian Journal of Animal Science Research, 3(2): 166-170.
)