نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد رودهن، ایران
2 دانشجوی کارشناسی‌ارشد، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد رودهن، ایران
چکیده
به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر نیتروژن از منابع زیستی و شیمیایی بر عملکرد کمّی و کیفی بابونه آلمانی (Matricaria chamomilla L.)، در سال 1391 این تحقیق به صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با 2 فاکتور شامل کود نیتروژنه در 3 سطح (عدم محلول‌پاشی، محلول‌پاشی نیتروژن از منبع اسید آمینه آمینول‌فورته و محلول‌پاشی اوره) و ورمی‌کمپوست در 5 سطح (0، 3، 6، 9 و 12 تن در هکتار) و در 3 تکرار در منطقه فیروزکوه انجام شد. نتایج تجزیه واریانس این آزمایش نشان داد که در بین سطوح تیمار محلول‌پاشی، بیشترین ارتفاع گیاه (27/35 سانتی‌متر)، تعداد گل در بوته (75/181 عدد) و عملکرد گل خشک (7/2053 کیلوگرم در هکتار) از محلول‌پاشی اوره حاصل شد. محلول‌پاشی اسید آمینه (آمینول‌فورته) بیشترین تأثیر را بر درصد اسانس (59/0%)، درصد کامازولن (13/7%)، عملکرد اسانس (98/11 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و عملکرد کامازولن (17/854 گرم در هکتار) داشت. در بین سطوح تیمار ورمی‌کمپوست، سطح 12 تن در هکتار ورمی‌کمپوست برای تمام صفات بیشترین میزان را باعث شد. مقایسه میانگین اثرات متقابل ورمی‌کمپوست و محلول‌پاشی نشان داد که ترکیب همزمان 12 تن در هکتار ورمی‌کمپوست و محلول‌پاشی اسید آمینه بیشترین تأثیر را بر عملکرد گل خشک و عملکرد کامازولن در هکتار داشت. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که کاربرد ورمی‌کمپوست و اسیدآمینه در افزایش اسانس و کامازولن و عملکرد کیفی بابونه تأثیر مثبت و معنی‌داری داشت.
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