نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم و مهندسی باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران
2 دانشیار، گروه علوم و مهندسی باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران
3 استادیار، گروه علوم و مهندسی باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران
چکیده
شناسه دیجیتال (DOR):
98.1000/1735-0905.1398.35.1028.98.6.1578.41
کلسیم یکی از مهمترین عناصر معدنی است که در تعیین کیفیت میوه دخالت دارد. وجود ضایعات فراوان و اُفت کیفیت زرشک بی‌دانه در طی مراحل برداشت، پس از برداشت و نگهداری آن یکی از مشکلات مهم در مناطق تولید می‌باشد. محلول‌پاشی با عناصر معدنی می‌تواند از طریق تأمین مواد غذایی باعث افزایش کیفیت، عملکرد، بازارپسندی و کاهش خسارتهای بعد از برداشت گردد. ازاین‌رو در این مطالعه اثر محلول‌پاشی برگی کلرید کلسیم و نیترات کلسیم بر ویژگی‌های کمّی و کیفی میوه زرشک در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی اجرا گردید. تیمارها شامل شاهد (آب‌مقطر)، کلرید کلسیم (0.5%) و نیترات کلسیم (0.5%) بودند. محلول‌پاشی در چهار مرحله از فصل رشد انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین میانگین تعداد خوشه در شاخه، تعداد حبه در خوشه، تعداد حبه در شاخه و عملکرد میوه در شاخه مربوط به تیمار کلرید کلسیم 0.5% و کمترین مقدار آنها در شاهد بود. تیمار کلرید کلسیم مورد مطالعه، منجر به افزایش وزن تَر، قطر و طول شاخه در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد شد. حداکثر مقادیر کلروفیل a، b و کل در برگ‌های درختان شاهد مشاهده گردید. اثر تیمارهای کلرید کلسیم و نیترات کلسیم بر کیفیت ظاهری و بافت میوه زرشک معنی‌دار بود، اگرچه بر خصوصیات شیمیایی میوه اثری نداشت. به‌طور کلی نتایج نشان داد که محلول‌پاشی برگی با نمک‌های کلرید کلسیم و نیترات کلسیم موجب بهبود ویژگی‌های کمّی و کیفی میوه‌ها نسبت به شاهد شد.
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