همکاری با انجمن علمی گیاهان دارویی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم و مهندسی باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه علوم و مهندسی باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه علوم و مهندسی باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران

چکیده

عناب (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) یکی از گیاهان دارویی ارزشمند است که به‌دلیل دارا بودن ویتامین‌ها، موسیلاژ، آنتی‌اکسیدان، آلکالوئید و ترکیب‌های فنولی کاربرد فراوانی در صنایع دارویی دارد. کلسیم یکی از مهمترین عناصر معدنی است که در تعیین کیفیت میوه دخالت دارد و همچنین نقش این عنصر در بهبود متابولیت‌های ثانویه در گیاهان به اثبات رسیده است. با وجود این اطلاعات اندکی در مورد کاربرد برگی این عنصر در گیاه عناب وجود دارد. از این‌رو در این مطالعه اثر محلول‌پاشی برگی نیترات کلسیم و کلرید کلسیم بر خصوصیات آنتی‌اکسیدانی و کیفی میوه عناب در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی اجرا گردید. تیمارها شامل شاهد (آب مقطر)، کلرید کلسیم (0.5% و 1%) و نیترات کلسیم (0.5% و 1%) بودند. محلول‌پاشی در دو مرحله، در زمان تقسیم سلولی میوه (20 روز بعد از اتمام گلدهی) و کامل شدن رشد سلولی میوه (40 روز بعد از اتمام گلدهی) انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که محلول‌پاشی با نیترات کلسیم 0.5% باعث افزایش معنی‌دار مقدار اسیدیته میوه شد، همچنین تیمار کلرید کلسیم 0.5% مقدار آنتوسیانین میوه را نسبت به شاهد افزایش داد. بیشترین میزان آنتی‌اکسیدان، ویتامین ث و محتوی کلسیم میوه در تیمار کلرید کلسیم 1% حاصل شد. حداکثر مقادیر کلروفیل a، b و کل در برگ‌های درختان تیمار شده با نیترات کلسیم 1% مشاهده گردید. به‌طور کلی نتایج نشان داد که محلول‌پاشی برگی با نمک‌های کلسیم موجب بهبود خصوصیات آنتی‌اکسیدانی و کیفی میوه‌ها نسبت به شاهد می‌شود.

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