همکاری با انجمن علمی گیاهان دارویی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد حشره‌شناسی، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

2 کارشناس ارشد حشره‌شناسی و سم‌شناسی، عضو باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان ایران، واحد ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

3 مربی، مدرس گروه کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، لرستان، ایران

4 دانشیار، بخش تحقیقات حشره‌شناسی کشاورزی، مؤسسه تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی تهران، ایران

چکیده

در راستای تهیه مواد حشره‌کش جدید، که سازگار با محیط‌ زیست بوده و به آسانی قابل فرمولاسیون و کاربرد باشند، اسانس پسته وحشی (بنه، سقز یا چاتلانقوش) با نام علمی Pistacia atlantica Desf. var. kurdica (Anacardiaceae)، روی حشرات بالغ سوسک توتون (Lasioderma serricorne F. (Anobiidae))، در شرایط آزمایشگاهی استفاده شد. بررسی و آنالیز اسانس پسته وحشی به‌وسیله کروماتوگراف گازی (GC/MS)، نشان داد که این اسانس شامل 13 نوع ماده شیمیایی مختلف است که مهمترین آنها عبارتند از: آلفا-پینن (75/77%)، کامفن (6/6%) و بتا-پینن (45/3%). این تحقیق در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 6 تیمار (5 غلطت مختلف از اسانس به همراه شاهد) انجام شد. اسانس با استفاده از روش تقطیر با آب و توسط دستگاه کلونجر تهیه گردید. آزمایش در شرایط دمایی 2±30 درجه سیلسیوس و رطوبت نسبی 5±60% و در تاریکی انجام شد. تیمارها شامل 5 غلظت مختلف از اسانس به همراه شاهد، که هر غلظت در 3 تکرار و هر تکرار شامل 20 حشره بالغ 1 تا 7 روزه بود، انجام شد. مقدار LC50 بدست آمده 67/216 میکرولیتر بر لیتر هوا محاسبه گردید. نتایج نشان داد که اسانس پسته وحشی (Pistacia atlantica var. kurdica)، کشندگی معنی‌داری بر روی حشرات بالغ آفت مورد مطالعه داشت.

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