همکاری با انجمن علمی گیاهان دارویی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، علوم و تکنولوژی بذر، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران، ایران

چکیده

 شناسه دیجیتال (DOR):
98.1000/1735-0905.1398.35.1058.98.6.1576.41

به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر تاریخ کاشت و کود شیمیایی نیتروژن و فسفر بر محتوای فلاونویید دانه، خصوصیات کیفی و جوانه‌زنی بذر بالنگوی شیرازی (Lallemantia royleana Benth.)، پژوهشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار، در سال زراعی 93-92 اجرا شد. عوامل آزمایش شامل تاریخ کشت در دو سطح (پاییزه و بهاره) و کود شیمیایی در سه سطح (عدم کود، کاربرد نصف کود مورد نیاز (23 کیلوگرم در هکتار نیتروژن خالص + 50.6 کیلوگرم در هکتار P2O5) و کاربرد مقدار کامل کود (46 کیلوگرم در هکتار نیتروژن + 101.2 کیلوگرم در هکتار P2O5)) بود. اندازه گیری فلاونوئید دانه در فواصل یک هفته‌ای از گلدهی تا رسیدگی دانه انجام گرفت. نتایج مقایسه میانگین نشان داد که بیشترین درصد جوانه‌زنی بذر در کشت پاییزه (74.8) با افزایش 11.6 درصدی نسبت به کشت بهاره، و اعمال کود کامل مورد نیاز گیاه (88.6) با افزایش 73.4 درصدی نسبت به تیمار عدم کود، بدست آمد. کاربرد کود شیمیایی و کشت پاییزه بالنگو باعث افزایش معنی‌دار درصد موسیلاژ بذر نسبت به شاهد شد. 7 روز پس از گلدهی بیشترین میزان فلاونویید در کشت بهاره (0.264 معادل میلی‌گرم کوئرستین در گرم نمونه) با افزایش 63.97 درصدی نسبت به کشت پاییزه، و تیمار بدون کود (0.282 معادل میلی‌گرم کوئرستین در گرم نمونه) با افزایش 90.54 درصدی نسبت به تیمار کود کامل (0.148 معادل میلی‌گرم کوئرستین در گرم نمونه) بدست آمد. 28 روز پس از گلدهی بالاترین میزان فلاونویید (0.554 معادل میلی‌گرم کوئرستین در گرم نمونه) در کشت بهاره و همچنین تیمار بدون کود (0.629 معادل میلی‌گرم کوئرستین در گرم نمونه) بدست آمد. به طور کلی نتایج نشان داد که کشت پاییزه و کاربرد مقدار کامل کود باعث افزایش کیفیت دانه به لحاظ درصد موسیلاژ و جوانه‌زنی می شود، اما کشت بهاره و عدم کاربرد کود شیمیایی باعث افزایش فلاونویید در دانه‌های بالنگو می‌شود.

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