همکاری با انجمن علمی گیاهان دارویی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ایران

2 استاد، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ایران

3 استاد، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

روی یک عنصر ریزمغذی ضروری است که نقش‌های حیاتی زیادی در گیاهان دارد. در سال‌های اخیر نانو کودهای روی به‌دلیل جذب بیشتر آنها توسط گیاه که ناشی از اندازه کوچک و نفوذ بسیار بالای آنها از طریق غشاهای سلولی است مورد توجه بسیار قرار گرفته‌اند. به‌منظور مطالعه اثر کاربرد برگی کودهای مختلف حاوی روی بر عملکرد و ویژگی‌های فیتوشیمیایی گیاه ریحان (Ocimum basilicum L.)، یک آزمایش گلدانی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در چهار تکرار در گلخانه تحقیقاتی گروه علوم باغبانی دانشگاه ارومیه در سال 1393 انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل سه منبع مختلف روی (سولفات روی، کلات روی و نانوکود کلات روی) در چهار مقدار (صفر، 1، 2 و 3 گرم در لیتر) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد برگی روی تأثیر معنی‌داری بر صفات مورد اندازه‌گیری داشته است. به‌طوری که با کاربرد روی عملکرد پیکر رویشی تر و خشک، محتوای روی و فنول برگ‌ها و درصد و عملکرد اسانس افزایش یافت و از این نظر کاربرد برگی نانوکود کلات روی مؤثرتر از دو کود دیگر روی بود. کمترین و بیشترین مقادیر صفات اندازه‌گیری شده به‌ترتیب در غلظت‌های صفر و سه گرم در لیتر مشاهده شد. براساس نتایج تجزیه اسانس به‌وسیله دستگاه‌های گاز کروماتوگرافی و گاز کروماتوگرافی متصل به طیف‌سنج جرمی، 20 ترکیب در اسانس ریحان شناسایی گردید. لینالول و اوژنول اجزاء اصلی اسانس بودند که تحت تأثیر کاربرد روی تغییرات ناچیزی را نشان دادند. در مجموع یافته‌های این تحقیق نشان داد که تأثیر کاربرد نانوکود کلات روی (به‌ویژه در مقدار 3 گرم در لیتر) در افزایش عملکرد و مواد مؤثره گیاه ریحان، مؤثرتر از کودهای سولفات و کلات روی بود.

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