H, Meftahizadeh; M.H. Asareh
Abstract
In order to compare native populations and commercial cultivars of guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.), a factorial experiment was conducted in three growing seasons (March 10, June 5 and August 15) in a randomized complete block design with three replications in Iranshahr city, Sistan and Baluchistan ...
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In order to compare native populations and commercial cultivars of guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.), a factorial experiment was conducted in three growing seasons (March 10, June 5 and August 15) in a randomized complete block design with three replications in Iranshahr city, Sistan and Baluchistan province, in 2017. Qualitative traits (the percentage of protein, carbohydrate, chlorophyll, and gum), yield and its components were measured. The results showed that the effect of planting season and genotype (native populations and commercial cultivars) on plant height was significant at 1% level. The Mean comparison showed that "Pishen" population × August 15 planting and "Grembit" population × March 10 planting interactions had the highest and lowest growth periods, respectively. The highest number of pods per plant was obtained in the interaction of "Grembit" population × 10 March planting. Also, the interactions of "Sarbaz" and "Grembit" populations × March 10 planting and "Grembit" × June 5 planting caused the highest amount of seed in the plant. The highest weight of seeds was obtained in the interactions of "Sarbaz", "Grembit" and "Dalgan" populations × March 10 planting, and the lowest one in the interactions of "HG-563" cultivar × August 15 planting and "RGC-1033" cultivar × March 10 planting. "Saravan" population on August 15 planting time had the highest carbohydrate percentage. The interactions of "Grembit" × June 5 and March 10 plantings and "RGC-986" × June 5 planting had the highest protein percentage and "RGC-986" × June 5 planting had the highest gum percentage. According to the results of this study, it can be concluded that Iranian guar populations are very important for the shortest growth period (premature), protein percentage, seed yield, number of pods per plant, and seed weight, and could be suggested in breeding programs of the species.
H. Meftahizade; Y. Hamidoghli; M.H. Asareh; M. Javanmard Dakheli
Abstract
This research was aimed to investigate the effects of sowing date and irrigation regimes on phytochemical attributes of guar genotypes. The study was conducted in a split-split plot randomized block design including two sowing dates (15th and 30th July), four irrigation regimes, and three genotypes with ...
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This research was aimed to investigate the effects of sowing date and irrigation regimes on phytochemical attributes of guar genotypes. The study was conducted in a split-split plot randomized block design including two sowing dates (15th and 30th July), four irrigation regimes, and three genotypes with three replication for two seasons (2015 and 2016). The seeds were harvested and ethanolic extraction was prepared to analyze physicochemical traits such as antioxidant activity, phenol, tannin, protein, viscosity, galactomannan content, etc. The results showed that there were significant differences (P≤0.01%) between sowing date and irrigation regimes in case of phytochemical traits, seed protein, galactomannan content, and minerals. The range of galactomannan content was 28-33%, where the maximum galactomannan level (33.8%) was recorded for the interaction of late sowing date × four- stage irrigation schedule. Among the genotypes studied, the third genotype (RGC-1066) had the highest antioxidant activity and gum protein percentage. There is no significant difference among the genotypes for other characteristics. Late sowing date, G3 (RGC-1066) and four-stage irrigation schedule during growth cycle were the best treatments. The results of this study showed that guar planting in the study area is positively evaluated in terms of mineral materials, protein content, and gum viscosity; therefore, its development can be recommended in the agronomic program.
M.H. Asareh; M.M. Barazandeh; K. Jaimand
Volume 20, Issue 4 , January 2018, , Pages 469-476
Abstract
Eucalyptus porosa was collected from Dezfool (Fadak Garden) in Martch 2004.Dry leaves of it were hydrodistilled in a clevenger type apparatus for 20 min. to produce an oil at the yield of 0.57%(based on dry leaves).In order of quantitavely and qualitavely analyses, the oil was injected to GC.Among Twenty-one ...
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Eucalyptus porosa was collected from Dezfool (Fadak Garden) in Martch 2004.Dry leaves of it were hydrodistilled in a clevenger type apparatus for 20 min. to produce an oil at the yield of 0.57%(based on dry leaves).In order of quantitavely and qualitavely analyses, the oil was injected to GC.Among Twenty-one compounds which were identified in the oil, 1,8-cineole (58.6%), α–pinene(12.8%) and nopinone (3.11%) were the major constituents, respectively.
E. Sharifi Ashoorabadi; H. Rouhipour; M.H. Assareh; S.R. Tabei Aghdaei; M.H. Lebaschy; B. Naderi
Abstract
In order to investigate of water requirement in Rosa damascene Mill., an experiment was carried out in the Alborz Research Center in 2012. The lysimeters with drainage system were used for Rosa damascene (adult plant), Medicago sativa (reference plant) and control group (only soil). For each lysimeter, ...
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In order to investigate of water requirement in Rosa damascene Mill., an experiment was carried out in the Alborz Research Center in 2012. The lysimeters with drainage system were used for Rosa damascene (adult plant), Medicago sativa (reference plant) and control group (only soil). For each lysimeter, the soil moisture content was measured by weighting method before and after applying irrigation treatments based on the field capacity. The amount of water requirement and run-off were measured in each lysimeter. The evapotranspiration of Rosa damascene (ETc) and reference plant (ETo) was estimated by lysimeter. The plant coefficient of Rosa damascene (Kc) was calculated by ETc/ETo ratio. In order to comparison of lysimeter data with indirect methods, the Blaney Criddle and Penman-Monteith methods (corrected by FAO) were used to determine the evapotranspiration in reference plant. According to the obtained results, WUE and ETo in Rosa damascene were calculated to be 2.18 and 46.0, respectively. The evapotarnspiration of Rosa damascene after 820 GDD in full flowering, was 111 mm. The ETc after 3740 GDD in the late stage was estimated to be 1147 mm. The evapotarnspiration of reference plants, after 3833 GDD, in lysimeter, Blaney Criddle and Penman-Monteith methods were 1247, 1392 and 1160 mm, respectively. Based on results, a similar estimation of ETo content was obtained by lysimetr and computational methods.
M.H. RAD; K. Jaimand; M.H. Assareh; M. Soltani
Abstract
Drought stress has different effects on morphological, physiological and biochemical processes of plants. Moreover, the quantity and quality of essential oil are affected by drought stress. Eucalyptus species including Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. are considered as rich sources of essential oils especially ...
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Drought stress has different effects on morphological, physiological and biochemical processes of plants. Moreover, the quantity and quality of essential oil are affected by drought stress. Eucalyptus species including Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. are considered as rich sources of essential oils especially 1,8-cineol. In order to study the effect of drought stress on essential oil yield, the type of chemical compounds and also water use efficiency in E. camaldulensis, this research was conducted in a completely randomized design with three treatments including 100, 70, and 40% field capacity and three replications. The experiment was carried out in combat desertification research station of Shahid Sadoughi under lisymetry conditions. Results showed that increasing of soil moisture led to the increased production of essential oil. However, mild drought stress resulted in increased essential oil yield and improved water use efficiency. Mild drought stress compared to other treatments (p < 0.001), improved the production of 1, 8-cineol, however it was observed that it decreased or stopped the production of many other compounds. The percentage of 1, 8 - cineol in the treatments of 100, 70 and 40% field capacity, were, 69.33, 78.13 and 51.87, respectively. The production of α-pinene, as another important compound was also affected by enough moisture (without stress) so that It's value showed significant difference with other treatments (p <0.001). The percentage of α-pinene in the treatments of 100, 70 and 40% field capacity, were, 14.0, 7.03 and 4.06, respectively. The moisture treatments including 100% FC (without stress), 70% FC (mild stress) and 40% FC (severe stress) were studied with three replicates and completely randomize design.
K. Jaimand; M.H. Assareh; M. Mirza; M. Nadery; Sh. Karimi; E. Parsa
Abstract
Eucalyptuses trees as the fast-growing forest species are native to the Pacific. This species were introduced to Iran more than 100 years ago and cultivated in the south, having perfect environment for them. This research was aimed to investigate seasonal fluctuations of essential oil and1,8-cineol content ...
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Eucalyptuses trees as the fast-growing forest species are native to the Pacific. This species were introduced to Iran more than 100 years ago and cultivated in the south, having perfect environment for them. This research was aimed to investigate seasonal fluctuations of essential oil and1,8-cineol content in Eucalyptus species of Fars province. The leaves of 14 Eucalyptus species were collected from Fars province in the middle of each season for two years (2007 & 2008). Afterward, essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation method and compounds were identified by GC and GC/MS. Results showed that in each region, some of the species had the highest essential oil yield and quality; therefore due to the high essential oil content and 1,8-cineol, they could be recommended for large-scale cultivation in the region in order to extract essential oil. Studied Eucalyptus included: E. calcicultrix (Miq.) Blakely; E. camaldulensis var. camaldulensis Dehnh.; E. cornuta; E. fruticetorum; E. intertexta R.T. Baker; E. largiflorens F. Muell.; E. lesouefii; E. longicornis F. Muell.; E. oleosa F. Muell.; E. rudis Endl.; E. salmonophloia F. Muell.; E. salubaris; E. stricklandii Maiden; E. viridis. The essential oil yield of different species at different seasons differed from 1.0 to 6.8% in 2007 and 0.3 to 5.8% in 2008. According to the results, the highest oil yield in autumn (5.2%-6.4%), the highest percentage of 1,8-cineole in winter (91.4%-94%), and the best time to harvest were recorded for E. oleosa F. Muell at Shousni, Mamasani; therefore, E. oleosa F. Muell could be recommended for cultivation as the best species.
M. Sakhayi; M.H. Assareh; A. Shariat; Gh. Bakhsi Khaniki; M. Matinizadeh
Abstract
In this study, allelophatic effects of Eucalyptus camaldulonsis Dehnh. were investigated on some growth parameters and quantitative and qualitative changes of peroxidase in wheat at greenhouse of research institute of forests and rangelands of Iran. Treatments included: control treatment, etanol extract ...
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In this study, allelophatic effects of Eucalyptus camaldulonsis Dehnh. were investigated on some growth parameters and quantitative and qualitative changes of peroxidase in wheat at greenhouse of research institute of forests and rangelands of Iran. Treatments included: control treatment, etanol extract of E. camaldulonsis leaf in three levels (3, 6, 12 g/lit), aqueous extract of E. camaldulonsis leaf in three levels (5%, 10%, 20%), fresh leaf of E. camaldulonsis in three levels (5, 10, 15 g), powderd dried leaves of E. camaldulonsis in three levels (5, 10, 15 g) and one-year seedlings of E. camaldulonsis. Wet and dry weight of the seedlings was measured as growth parameters. Comparison of different treatments showed that one-year seedlings of E. camaldulonsis had maximum significant effect in reducing wheat growth parameters due to root exudates. With increasing concentrations of ethanol and aqueous extracts, wet and dry weight and leaf surface area of wheat decreased while in treatments of fresh and powdered dried leaves, an increment was observed in dry weight and leaf area. Activity of peroxidase enzyme strongly increased in root treatment of E.camaldulonsis and showed new isoenzyme band compared to control treatment. Ethanol and aqueous extracts of Eucalyptus leaves increased peroxidase activity in wheat but no new isoenzyme band was observed and less affected in fresh and dry leaves of Eucalyptus.
E. Sharifi Ashoorabadi; H. Rouhipour; M.H. Assareh; M.H Lebaschy; B. Abaszadeh; B. Naderi; M. Rezaei sarkhosh
Abstract
To investigate the crop water requirement of yarrow (Achillea millefolium L.), an experiment was carried out in the Alborz Research Complex during 2007-2008. Crop water requirement was determined using Penman-Monteith method and lysimetery. The Penman-Monteith method was used to estimate the evapotranspiration ...
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To investigate the crop water requirement of yarrow (Achillea millefolium L.), an experiment was carried out in the Alborz Research Complex during 2007-2008. Crop water requirement was determined using Penman-Monteith method and lysimetery. The Penman-Monteith method was used to estimate the evapotranspiration of the hypothetical reference crop with fixed crop parameters. The Kc coefficients for Achillea millefolium were calculated to be 0.16, 0.45, 1.05 and 0.81 for the initial, development, middle and the late stages (80 percent of plant flowering) of growth, respectively. According to the results, Achillea millefolium could be recommended for dry land farming areas with minimum 149.72 mm annual rainfall.
B. Abbaszadeh; M.H. Assareh; M.R Ardakani; F. Paknejad; M. Layegh Haghighi; S. Meshkizadeh
Abstract
This research was conducted to study the cause and effect of morphological, physiological characters and some elements of camphorosma monspeliaca L. in natural habitat. Plant samples were collected by using 9 sampling plots at full flowering stage. Morphological traits including plant height, number ...
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This research was conducted to study the cause and effect of morphological, physiological characters and some elements of camphorosma monspeliaca L. in natural habitat. Plant samples were collected by using 9 sampling plots at full flowering stage. Morphological traits including plant height, number of tillers, big and small diameter of the canopy cover, dry weight of plant shoots and dry weight of flowering shoots were measured. Soluble sugar content, proline, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, chlorine and iron were also measured by using different methods. Correlation, factor analysis, stepwise and path analysis were used for identifying effective traits on shoot yield and essential oil percentage. The results showed that there was significant positive correlation between total shoot yield with number of tiller (r = 0.96**), canopy diameter 1 (r = 0.84*), canopy diameter 2 (r = 0.86**), flowering shoot yield (r = 0.79*), total chlorophyll 1 (r = 0.77*), chlorophyll b (r = 0.67*) and iron (r = 0.84*). There was significant negative correlation between total shoot yield with soluble sugars (r = -0.80**), proline (r = -0.88**), calcium (r = -0.70*) and chlorine r = -0.94**). Significant positive correlation was observed between flowering shoot yield with number of tillers, canopy diameters1 and 2, essential oil percentage, total chlorophyll 1 and iron. Essential oil percentage showed significant positive correlation with number of tiller (r = 0.79*), canopy diameters 1 (r = 0.79*), canopy diameters 2 (r = 0.83**), total shoot yield (r = 0.76*) and shoot flowering yield (r = 0.84**) shoot yield and iron (r = 0.86**). The results of factor analysis showed that first component with number of tillers, big and small canopy diameters, total shoot yield, flowering shoot yield, essential oil percentage and iron could justify more than 55% of total variance. The result of stepwise analysis on dependent variable (essential oil percentage) showed that iron and total shoot yield with a determination coefficient of 0.8048 were entered to the regression model. The result of path analysis showed that iron had the highest direct positive effect on essential oil percentage. According to the results of stepwise analysis, number of tillers and plant height were entered to the regression model. The result of path analysis showed that number of tiller had the highest direct positive effect on total shoot yield.
M.R. Ardakani; B. Abbaszadeh; M.H. Assare; F. Paknezhad; A. Kashani; M. Layegh Haghighi
Abstract
One of the methods of natural resource management is utilization of inefficient lands and use of resistant plant species in hard conditions. In this study, sampling from natural habitat in Arak (Markazi province) was conducted in 2009 at 3 growth stages including growth, full flowering and maturity using ...
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One of the methods of natural resource management is utilization of inefficient lands and use of resistant plant species in hard conditions. In this study, sampling from natural habitat in Arak (Markazi province) was conducted in 2009 at 3 growth stages including growth, full flowering and maturity using plots with replication. In full flowering stage, plant height, number of tillers, big and small diameter, root length, root weight, chlorophyll, plant dry weight, soluble sugar content, proline, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, chlorine and iron were measured. Mean comparison of morphological characters showed that the largest values of plant height, number of tillers, canopy cover, total shoot and flowering shoot were recorded for the region (locality 3) with less salinity (EC= 7.6 dS/m). The largest values of root length, root weight and essential oil percentage at growthing, full flowering and maturity stages were also recorded for locality 1 with high salinity (EC= 11.7dS/m). Locality 1 showed the highest content of soluble sugar, proline, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, and chlorine. Locality 3 had the highest total content of chlorophyll, chlorophyll a and b while the highest iron content was related to locality 2. Results of correlation showed that there was negative significant relationship between plants height with essential oil percentage in full flowering stage. Significant correlation was also observed between soluble sugar and proline, magnesium, calcium and chlorine. There was significant negative correlation between soluble sugar and total chlorophyll 2. According to the results, Camphorosma monspilica L. is one of the salt tolerant plant species probably with medicinal and forage values.
M.H. Assareh; Z. Abravesh; S.R. Tabaei Aghdaei
Abstract
Because of the economic and medicinal importance of Rosa damascena Mill. the propagation of this plant was considered. In order to protect the selected genotypes, this experiment was performed by simple layering method during autumn and winter seasons 2007 on new growth twigsof Rosa damascena mature ...
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Because of the economic and medicinal importance of Rosa damascena Mill. the propagation of this plant was considered. In order to protect the selected genotypes, this experiment was performed by simple layering method during autumn and winter seasons 2007 on new growth twigsof Rosa damascena mature shrubs. The branches were laid in sand bed, soaked for 24 h by different concentrations of IBA and NAA hormones. The results showed that the rate of rooting was high in sand bedding material in autumn and winter. The highest rooting percentage was %100 with 50 mgl-1 concentration of IBA in autumn and winter seasons and the lowest of rooting percentage was %53.33 with 50 mgl-1 concentration of NAA in autumn season. The rooting branches were cut from the parent plants after 3 months and planted in pots containing soil: sand: peatmoss complex (1:1:1) in greenhouse conditions, survival percentage was 90%.
K. Jaimand; M.B. Rezaee; M.H. Asareh; S.R. Tabaei Aghdaei; S. Meshkizadeh
Abstract
Flavonoid components are the largest phenolic groups in nature. Pigments are primarily responsible for the color of rose petals (the colorless flavonoids aid the intensification and stabilization of petals color). The aim of this research was extraction and determination of flavonoid compounds kaempferol ...
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Flavonoid components are the largest phenolic groups in nature. Pigments are primarily responsible for the color of rose petals (the colorless flavonoids aid the intensification and stabilization of petals color). The aim of this research was extraction and determination of flavonoid compounds kaempferol and quercetin in petals of Rosa damascena from western of Iran and cultivated in Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands. Samples were collected on late April 2006. A 5 g fresh flower petals was blended with 30 ml of 9:1 methanol:acetic acid, the extract was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Two flavonoids kaempferol and quercetin glycoside compounds were extracted from ten samples. The highest kaempferol content were obtained from Kordestan (595 ppm), Qazvine (505 ppm), West Azarbaijan (484 ppm), and Ilam (483 ppm), and the lowest from Kermanshah (74 ppm), Hamedan (88 ppm) and Lorestan (Poldokhtar) (252 ppm). The highest quercetin glucoside contents were obtained from Ardabil (322 ppm), West Azarbaijan (312 ppm), Ilam (302 ppm), and Chahar Mehal (239 ppm), and lowest were from Lorestan (Poldokhtar) (77 ppm), Hamedan (80 ppm), Kermanshah (117 ppm) and Kohkiluyeh (Gachsaran) (158 ppm). According to these results, the best samples were obtained from west Azarbaijan (484 ppm kaempferol, 312 ppm quercetin), Ilam (483 ppm kaempferol, 302 ppm quercetin) and Ardabil (447 ppm kaempferol, 322 ppm quercetin).
M.H. Assareh; M. Sedaghati; Kh. Kiarostami; A. Ghamari Zare
Abstract
Eucalyptus is a growing tree used for agro-forestry, industrial and medical consumptions E. maculata Hook. is one of the most important species of eucalyptus from chemical components and medical applications point of view. The leaves of E. maculata were collected in various seasons from Khuzestan provinces ...
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Eucalyptus is a growing tree used for agro-forestry, industrial and medical consumptions E. maculata Hook. is one of the most important species of eucalyptus from chemical components and medical applications point of view. The leaves of E. maculata were collected in various seasons from Khuzestan provinces (tropical region station Dezfoul, Safi Abad). Essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation and were analysed by GC and GC/MS. The highest and the lowest essential oil yields were found in autumn and spring, respectively. Major compositions were 1,8-cineole (22.5% in winter), citronellal (15% in spring) and citronellol (35% in summer). The most perfumed compositions were in summer (46%). Also the most compound was citronellol in the whole seasons and citronellyl acetate amount had fixed in the whole year.
E. Fathi; F. Sefidkon; Gh. Bakhshi Khaniki; Z. Abravesh; M.H. Assareh
Volume 25, Issue 1 , May 2009, , Pages 64-74
Abstract
In this research, the fresh leaves of Eucalyptus largiflorens were collected in the middle of spring from Kashan in Isfahan province. After drying the plant materials in oven 30°C, 40°C, 50°C, sun and shade, their essential oils were obtained by hydro-distillation. In addition, the essential ...
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In this research, the fresh leaves of Eucalyptus largiflorens were collected in the middle of spring from Kashan in Isfahan province. After drying the plant materials in oven 30°C, 40°C, 50°C, sun and shade, their essential oils were obtained by hydro-distillation. In addition, the essential oil of shade-dried sample was obtained by two other distillation methods (water and steam distillation and direct steam distillation). The oils were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Oil yields (w/w) of the oven-dried 30°C, 40°C, 50°C, sun-dried and shade-dried sample were 1.37%, 1.58%, 1.59%, 1.31% and 1.32% respectively. 1,8-cineole (25.0%, 26.2%, 40.6%, 29.7% and 24.6%), P-cymene (17.2%, 17.4%, 20.3%, 20.5% and 17.1%) and α-pinene (16.2%, 12.6%, 14.4%, 7.2% and 9.9%) were identified as the main components in oven-dried 30°C, 40°C, 50°C, sun-dried and shade-dried sample, respectively. On the other hand, the oil yields were 0.92% and 0.77% in water and steam distillation and direct steam distillation. In different drying methods the result showed the oil yield and 1,8-cineole percentage were higher in oven-dried 50°C sample and in different distillation the oil yield in hydro-distillation was higher and the highest percentage of 1,8-cineole was obtained by water and steam distillation.
A. Najafi Ashtiani; M.H. Assareh; M.A. Baghestani; S.J. Angaji
Volume 24, Issue 3 , November 2008, , Pages 293-303
Abstract
This research was carried out under laboratory conditions in 2007 at Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands. Experiments were done by randomized completely block design with 4 replications. The results showed different levels of E. camaldulensis Dehnh. leaf extracts in winter and spring had significant ...
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This research was carried out under laboratory conditions in 2007 at Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands. Experiments were done by randomized completely block design with 4 replications. The results showed different levels of E. camaldulensis Dehnh. leaf extracts in winter and spring had significant effects on plant length, germination percentage, germination speed, seed vigor, shoot/root rate, seminal root (α =0/01) of Chenopodium album L. Comparison between treatments showed that using 9 gli-1 of both Eucalyptus extract had maximum inhibitor on characteristics of weeds. Comparison effect of winter and spring extracts leaves on morphological characteristics of weeds showed that spring extract had high effect compared with winter extract. The results of this research showed that using of Eucalyptus leaf extract can control the weed growth of Chenopodium album.
K. Ahmadi; F. Sefidkon; M.H. Assareh
Volume 24, Issue 2 , August 2008, , Pages 162-176
Abstract
Rosa damascena Mill. commonly known as rose plant belonging to the family Rosaceae, is an important cultivated aromatic plant. This plant has been cultivated in Iran from many years ago. Due to literature, distillation of rose and obtaining rose water was done in Iran for the first time. In this investigation, ...
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Rosa damascena Mill. commonly known as rose plant belonging to the family Rosaceae, is an important cultivated aromatic plant. This plant has been cultivated in Iran from many years ago. Due to literature, distillation of rose and obtaining rose water was done in Iran for the first time. In this investigation, the effect of different drying methods (shade, oven 30, 40 and 50°C) on quantity and quality of essential oils of three genotypes of Rosa damascena were studies for the first time. The oils of all samples were obtained by hydro-distillation and analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The results showed no significant difference between the oil yields of fresh and dried petals, but there was significant difference between percentages of main aromatic compounds. The oil of fresh petals had the highest percentage of geraniol and citronellol and the lowest percentage of stearoptens (heavy hydrocarbons). Therefore the best time for extraction of essential oil from Rosa damascena, is right after collection. Comparison of oil content and composition of dried samples showed drying in shade was better and produce higher percentage of oil and aromatic compounds.
Z. Jalali; F. Sefidkon; M.H. Assareh; F. Attar
Volume 24, Issue 1 , May 2008, , Pages 31-37
Abstract
Chamazolene, a-bisabolene oxide A and a-bisabolol oxide A and B are important and valuable sesquiterpens in the flowers of Anthemis and Matricaria genus that are noticed because of their different usage in cosmetic and hygiene materials. In this research, the flowers of 3 specimens of Matricaria recutita ...
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Chamazolene, a-bisabolene oxide A and a-bisabolol oxide A and B are important and valuable sesquiterpens in the flowers of Anthemis and Matricaria genus that are noticed because of their different usage in cosmetic and hygiene materials. In this research, the flowers of 3 specimens of Matricaria recutita L. (from Khuzestan, Booshehr and Fars provinces), M. aurea (Loefl.) Schultz-Bip.(fromTange eram) and Anthemis hyalina DC.(from Dashtestan) were collected. After drying the flowers in room temperature, the essential oils were obtained by hydro-distillation. Chemical composition of the oils were investigated by analytical GC, GC/MS and computing retention indices. The oil yield of M. recutita (Booshehr) was 2.85%, in specimen of Khuzestan 0.68% and in specimen ofFarswas 2.35%, in M. aurea 0.63% and in A. hyalina was 2.54%. Nine compounds were recognized in different specimens of M. recutita that their main components were a-bisabolene oxide A (63.4%-92.4%), a-bisabolol oxide A (3.3%-15.4%) and chamazolene (2.6%-10.6%). Seven compounds were identified in M. aurea that a-bisabolene oxide A (59.0%), a-bisabolol oxide A (22.3%) and chamazolene (8.8%) were main components. Six compounds were recognized in essential oil of A. hyalina that major compounds were a-bisabolene oxide A (66.1%), a-bisabolol oxide A (15.5%) and chamazolene (6.9%).
Z. Abravesh; F. Sefidkon; M.H. Assareh
Volume 23, Issue 3 , November 2007, , Pages 323-330
Abstract
The fresh leaves of five cultivated Eucalyptus species, i.e. Eucalyptus stricklandii Maiden, E. brockwayii, E. sargentii Maiden, E. largiflorens F. Muelland E. kruseana F. Muell were collected in the spring from Shushtar in Khuzestan province (South region of Iran). After drying the plant materials in ...
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The fresh leaves of five cultivated Eucalyptus species, i.e. Eucalyptus stricklandii Maiden, E. brockwayii, E. sargentii Maiden, E. largiflorens F. Muelland E. kruseana F. Muell were collected in the spring from Shushtar in Khuzestan province (South region of Iran). After drying the plant materials in shade, their essential oils were obtained by hydro-distillation. The oils were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Seventeen components were identified in the oil of E. stricklandii with 1,8-cineole (71.2%) and α-pinene (9.2%) as the main constituents. Twenty-five compounds were identified in the oil of E. brockwayii with 1,8-cineole (17.8 %), isopentyl isovalerate (17.2%), α-pinene (14.0%), trans-pinocarveole (12%), β-pinene(7.5%) and ρ-cymene ( 5.3%) as major components. Sixteen compounds were characterized in the oil of E. sargentii with 1,8-cineole (56.7%), β-eudesmol (6.0%) and α-pinene (4.9%) as the main constituents. Fifteen components were identified in the oil of E. largiflorens with 1,8-cineole (41.3%), spathulenol (11.6%) and virdiflorol (15.9%) as major components. Fifteen components were identified in the oil of E. kruseana with 1,8-cineole (63.3%) and α-pinene (15.9%) as the main constituents. The results showed, although 1,8-cineole was the main component of the essential oils of all the studied Eucalyptus species, its relative content was higher in the oil of E. stricklandii.
F. Sefidkon; M.H. Assareh; M. Mirza; Z. Abravesh; M.H. Salehe Shushtari
Volume 23, Issue 1 , May 2007, , Pages 39-50
Abstract
In this investigation, the leaves of five Eucalyptus species as Eucalyptus microtheca F. Muell, E. gongylocarpa Blakely, E. gillii Maiden, E. woodwardi Maiden and E. salubris F. Muell were collected from two regions of Khuzistan province (Shushtar and Dezful, South Iran) in spring. After drying the plant ...
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In this investigation, the leaves of five Eucalyptus species as Eucalyptus microtheca F. Muell, E. gongylocarpa Blakely, E. gillii Maiden, E. woodwardi Maiden and E. salubris F. Muell were collected from two regions of Khuzistan province (Shushtar and Dezful, South Iran) in spring. After drying the plant materials in shade, their essential oils were obtained by hydro-distillation. The oils were analyzed by capillary gas chromatography, using flame ionization and mass spectrometric detection. The oils of E. microtheca were obtained at yields of 0.43% and 0.37% (w/w) from Shushtar and dezful, respectively. These yields were 2.37% and 1.78% for E. gongylocarpa, 3.5% and 3.9% for E. gillii, 1.18% and 1.13% for E. woodwardi, 2.05% and 1.02% for E. salubris. The main compounds of E. microtheca oils were 1,8-cineole (26.7% and 16.9%), P-cymene (14.8% and 20.4%) and a-pinene (12.5% and 12.0%) in the Shushtar and Dezful samples, respectively. The major constituents of E. gongylocarpa oils were 1,8-cineole (66.8% and 78.6%) and a-pinene (5.2% and 7.2%). The main components of E. gillii oils were 1,8-cineole (58.5% and 81.3%) and a-pinene (13.9% and 11.0%). The main compounds of E. woodwardi oils were 1,8-cineole (58.7% and 45.1%) and a-pinene (23.1% and 21.4%). The major constituents of E. salubrisoils were 1,8-cineole (62.0% and 71.0%) and a-pinene (8.0% and 10.0%). Differences in the percentage of the main components of these oils in two regions could be due to some differences in habitats like soil structure or humidity.
F. Sefidkon; Z. Akbari; M.H. Assareh; Gh. Bakhshi Khaniki
Volume 22, Issue 4 , February 2007, , Pages 351-365
Abstract
Rosa damascena Mill is one of the important Rose species for production of aromatic compounds. The oil and distilled water of Rose are used vastly in medicinal, hygienic-cosmetic and food industries. In Iran, there are vast gardens of Rosa damascena in Kashan, Kerman, Tabriz, Sahand and Fars province. ...
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Rosa damascena Mill is one of the important Rose species for production of aromatic compounds. The oil and distilled water of Rose are used vastly in medicinal, hygienic-cosmetic and food industries. In Iran, there are vast gardens of Rosa damascena in Kashan, Kerman, Tabriz, Sahand and Fars province. In this research, the effect of different extraction methods on yield and chemical composition of four Rosa damascena samples (two samples from national botanical garden of Iran with source of Kashan and Oskou, one sample from Kashan and one sample from Chaloos road) were examined. The aromatic compounds were obtained by four extraction methods consisted of two distillation methods (hydro-distillation and water & steam distillation), extraction with organic solvents (by use of hexane and petroleum ether, individually). The yields of essential oils (from distillation methods) and concrete and absolute (from solvent extraction) were calculated. The oils and absolutes were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The result showed (except Oskou sample) there is no significant difference between oil and absolute yield, but for all samples, the yield of concrete was higher than the yield of oil and absolute, significantly. Distillation methods produced higher percentage of citronellol and sometimes geraniol, but the valuable compound, phenyl ethyl alcohol, was not found in the oils or exist in very little amount. In solvent extraction methods, the percentage of phenyl ethyl alcohol was considerably high and citronellol and also geraniol were found in the absolutes, of course in lower amounts. There were also some differences between the minor components.
M.H. Assareh; Z. Abravesh; M.B. Rezaee
Abstract
The leaves of Eucalyptus caesia were collected from north khuzistan in March 2003. The essential oil of Eucalyptus caesia (Myrthaceae) was prepared by hydro-distillation and analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The essential oil was produced at yield of 0.97% (based on dry weights). Twenty-one components were identified, ...
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The leaves of Eucalyptus caesia were collected from north khuzistan in March 2003. The essential oil of Eucalyptus caesia (Myrthaceae) was prepared by hydro-distillation and analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The essential oil was produced at yield of 0.97% (based on dry weights). Twenty-one components were identified, among them α-pinene (9.3%), 1,8-cineole (69.4%), trans-pinocarveole (2.4%), caryophyllene (6.1%) and globulol (2.8%) were the major constituents.
K. Jaimand; M.H. Assareh; M.B. Rezaee; M.M. Brazandeh
Abstract
Two Eucalyptus species , E. stricklandii Maiden. and E. erythrocorys F. Muell were cultivated on 1994 in south-western of Iram (Khozestan), were collected on April 2004. The essential oils isolated by hydrodistillation from the leaves of were analyzed by GC and GC/MS.The main components identified ...
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Two Eucalyptus species , E. stricklandii Maiden. and E. erythrocorys F. Muell were cultivated on 1994 in south-western of Iram (Khozestan), were collected on April 2004. The essential oils isolated by hydrodistillation from the leaves of were analyzed by GC and GC/MS.The main components identified in E. stricklandii oil were 1,8-cineole (72.2%), a-pinene (12.2%) and terpinen-1–ol (2.8%), and in E. erythrocorys were 1,8-cineole (80%), a-pinene (5.7%) and terpinen-1-ol (2.2%). High content of 1,8-cineole in our cultivated plants and uses of this compound in pharmacy industry is a reason of our investigation. This paper now reportes for the first time the results of the analyses of leaf oils of E. stricklandii Maiden.,and E. erythrocorys F. Muell. , growing in Iran.
K. Jaimand; M.B. Rezaee; M.H. Assareh; M.M. Brazandeh
Abstract
In this research, essential oils were extracted by hydro-distillation method but with different apparatus of distillation from Rosa damascena Mill. The oil obtained at different yields for example for Clevenger (0.008%), Miquel (0.014%), A.O.A.C. (0.012%) and two plans designed in Research Institute ...
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In this research, essential oils were extracted by hydro-distillation method but with different apparatus of distillation from Rosa damascena Mill. The oil obtained at different yields for example for Clevenger (0.008%), Miquel (0.014%), A.O.A.C. (0.012%) and two plans designed in Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands by authors which were named plan-1 (0.015%) and plan-2 (0.023%). Samples were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The main constituents of the oil by Clevenger were geraniol (26.7%), n-nonadecane (21.3%), citronellol (12.5%) and n-henicosane (12.0%); by Miquel were geraniol (32.9%), citronellol (19.0%), n-nonadecane (10.6%); by A.O.A.C. were n-nonadecane (28.5%), geraniol (22.6%), n-henicosane (10.6%) and citronellol (10.2%) in plan -1 were n-nonadecane (21.3%), geraniol( 21.8%), citronellol (12%) and in plan-2 were n-nonadecane (21.8%), geraniol (19.1%) and citronellol (15%), respectively. By comparison of the results from different apparatus of hydro-distillation, it can be concluded that the best plan for obtaining essential oil from Rosa damascena Mill., were plan-2 and Miquel.
