Agriculture and horticulture
H. Kiani; Sh. Khalesro; A. Mokhatssi-Bidgoli; Z. Sharifi
Abstract
Nigella sativa L. is a valuable medicinal plant that is widely used in different industries. Accumulation of compatible osmolytes is one of the common responses of plants under drought stress. To investigate the effects of irrigation regimes and biochar (resulting from the heating of cattle manure) on ...
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Nigella sativa L. is a valuable medicinal plant that is widely used in different industries. Accumulation of compatible osmolytes is one of the common responses of plants under drought stress. To investigate the effects of irrigation regimes and biochar (resulting from the heating of cattle manure) on N. sativa, a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications in the greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture at the University of Kurdistan in 2018. The experimental factors consisted of three drought stress levels (40, 70, and 100% of FC) and two biochar use levels (0 and 15 tons.ha-1). The ANOVA results showed that the interaction effects of drought stress and biochar were significant on hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, proline, soluble carbohydrates (water and ethanol soluble), and osmotic potential. Increasing the intensity of drought stress enhanced the amount of hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, proline, and soluble carbohydrates (water and ethanol soluble) and caused the osmotic potential to become more negative. Biochar application decreased the negative effects of drought stress so that hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, proline, and soluble carbohydrates (water and ethanol soluble) amounts were lower than the treatments without biochar. Overall, the present research results proved the useful and effective role of biochar in improving the physiological traits and protective osmolytes of N. sativa under drought stress.
S. Anbarestani; A.R. Rezazadeh; A. Rezaei
Abstract
Black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) is a medicinal plant belonging to the Ranunculaceae family. The seeds of Nigella sativa, also known as black seed, are used in traditional medicine as a natural remedy for several illnesses including asthma, inflammation, diabetes, and hypertension. The cell culture of ...
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Black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) is a medicinal plant belonging to the Ranunculaceae family. The seeds of Nigella sativa, also known as black seed, are used in traditional medicine as a natural remedy for several illnesses including asthma, inflammation, diabetes, and hypertension. The cell culture of this plant is important because of its active ingredients and significance in medicine. In this research, the effects of fungal elicitor (zero, 0.5 and 1 mg/L), and sucrose (30, 45 and 60 g/L) on the cell culture of black cumin was investigated as a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with three replications. The cell growth characteristics and biochemical traits were assayed. The results showed that fungal elicitor and sucrose increased the membrane lipid peroxidation, protein concentration, phenol contents, hydrogen peroxide, and anthocyanin whereas peroxidase activity was significantly decreased compared to control. Generally, sucrose and fungal elicitor increased the growth and activity of the cell and increased the protein production by increasing oxidative stress in cells and increasing the entry of substances into the cell and stimulating metabolism.
T. Heidari; Z. Asrar; F. Nasibi
Abstract
One of the methods employed to enhance plant secondary metabolite production is the use of abiotic elicitors in plants. In this research, the effect of heavy metal nickel as abiotic elicitors was studied on some physiological parameters in Hyoscyamus niger L. to investigate the use of unstressful concentration ...
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One of the methods employed to enhance plant secondary metabolite production is the use of abiotic elicitors in plants. In this research, the effect of heavy metal nickel as abiotic elicitors was studied on some physiological parameters in Hyoscyamus niger L. to investigate the use of unstressful concentration of this metal in order to increase secondary metabolite synthesis in later researches. This research was carried out in the Department of Biology of Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman in a complete randomized design with three treatments and three replicates. The seeds of Hyoscyamus germinated in germinator under gibberellin treatment and then were transfered to the pots of sand and peat. After 40 days of growth, the plants were treated with 50 and 100 µM nickel in hydroponics condition (nickel amounts were added to nutrient solution). According to the obtained results, photosynthetic pigments reduced under Ni treatment while hydrogen peroxide, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes activity increased. Investigation of Ni stress on main macromolecules such as protein, membrane lipids and chlorophyll showed that the effects of 50 and 100 µM Ni was same, while the PAL activity and polyphenols synthesis were the second responses of plants to stress obserevd in 100 µM concentrations. Therefore, it seems that the higher concentration of Ni (100 µM) was more effective for the increment of secondary metabolite in this plant.
Zh. Asadi Kavan; M. Ghorbanli; A. Sateei
Abstract
Drought stress provokes ROS production in plant cell chloroplasts and subsequently causes lipid membrane peroxidation and damage. Pimpinella anisum L. is one of the aromatic herbal plants which has great export value. The aim of this study was applying exogenous ascorbate in order to control oxidative ...
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Drought stress provokes ROS production in plant cell chloroplasts and subsequently causes lipid membrane peroxidation and damage. Pimpinella anisum L. is one of the aromatic herbal plants which has great export value. The aim of this study was applying exogenous ascorbate in order to control oxidative stress during drought tolerance. Changes of pigment content of leaves, total phenol compounds, malonedialdehyde (MDA) content were measured. In a pot study, drought stress introduced to treatments with 3 replicates based on 3 levels of field capacity (100, 60 and 25%) and ascorbate (1.4 mM) sprayed on them. Chlorophyll content and chlorophyll a/b ratio decreased with increasing in stress levels, while flavonoids and anthocyanins increased. Carotene and xanthophyll increased only in moderate stress level due to drought. Exogenous ascorbate increased chlorophylls and carotenoid content but decreased flavonoid and anthocyanin contents and had great effect on increasing phenol compound in all stress levels. MDA content remained relatively constant, but increased significantly in severe stress levels. Applying exogenous ascorbate led to decreasing metabolite. According to the results exogenous ascorbate could increase the ability of Pimpinella anisum in response to drought stress with different mechanisms and had protective effect against lipid peroxidation due to drought stress.
S. Zare Dehabadi; Z. Asrar
Volume 24, Issue 4 , February 2009, , Pages 530-540
Abstract
The conditions used for spearmints growth in this work have been adequate for testing range of tolerance and adaptation to excess zinc. For studying oxidative changes, antioxidanic responses and metal accumulation in Spearmint (Mentha spicata L.) in reply to zinc, plants remained in a controlled environment ...
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The conditions used for spearmints growth in this work have been adequate for testing range of tolerance and adaptation to excess zinc. For studying oxidative changes, antioxidanic responses and metal accumulation in Spearmint (Mentha spicata L.) in reply to zinc, plants remained in a controlled environment for 12 weeks in nutrient solutions that contained different doses of zinc. This study showed that Zinc as heavy metal induced oxidative stress as evidenced by an increase in lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde and other aldehydes). Under Zn treatments, phenolic compounds such as flavonoids and anthocyanins were increased significantly compared to control plants. The total protein content in leaves increased significantly by increment concentration of Zn but decreased with higher Zn supply. Lipid peroxidation (MDA) was increased only in the highest concentration of zinc. High levels of Zn decreased the shoot to root translocation of Zn and Fe which caused accumulation of these metals in root. In general, the results of this investigation proved high antioxidanic capacity in spearmint plants.
