N. Saidi; H. Saderi; E. Taghian; F. Sefidkon; I. Rasooli; R. Mohammad Salehi; P. Owlia
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most common opportunistic bacteria in nosocomial infections, which has a significant resistance to antimicrobials. Due to the restrictions in the use of antibiotics, the tendency to replace them with natural products has increased. In this study, the antimicrobial ...
Read More
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most common opportunistic bacteria in nosocomial infections, which has a significant resistance to antimicrobials. Due to the restrictions in the use of antibiotics, the tendency to replace them with natural products has increased. In this study, the antimicrobial effect of four species of Satureja essential oils (S. mutica, S. bachtiarica, S. rechingeri and S. khuzestanica) on virulence factors of P. aeruginosa was evaluated. The minimum inhibitory concentration of Satureja essential oils was determined by microdilution broth method against standard strains of P. aeruginosa including PAO1 and 8821M. In the following, the effect of sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations (sub-MIC) of essential oils was investigated on virulence factors of this bacterium including motility, biofilm formation and alginate, elastase, and alkaline protease production of these two strains. All four Satureja essential oils had antimicrobial effects against the standard strains of P. aeruginosa, and also sub-MIC concentrations of the essential oils significantly reduced the virulence factors production of these strains. In this study, the suitable antagonistic effects of Satureja essential oils were observed against P. aeruginosa standard strains. By further study, these essential oils can be used as an antimicrobial compound against this bacterium.
L. Moein Najafabadi; P. Owlia; S. Mousavi Nadoushan; I Rasooli; H. Saderi; F. Sefidkon; M.H. Salari
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important opportunistic pathogen with many virulence factors. In this study, the effects of sub-MICs of three essential oils on alginate production, biofilm formation, swimming, twitching and adhesion in P. aeruginosa have been evaluated. The plants (Zataria multiflora Boiss.,Myrtus ...
Read More
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important opportunistic pathogen with many virulence factors. In this study, the effects of sub-MICs of three essential oils on alginate production, biofilm formation, swimming, twitching and adhesion in P. aeruginosa have been evaluated. The plants (Zataria multiflora Boiss.,Myrtus communis L. and Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh.) were dried in shadow and were hydro-distilled for 90 minutes. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of essential oils were determined by macrodilution method. The virulence factors in the mucoid P. aeruginosa 8821M were determined in the presence of sub-MICs (1/2, 1/4 and 1/8) of essential oils. The MICs of essential oils against P. aeruginosa for Z. multiflora, M. communis and E. camaldulensis oils were obtained 64, 64 and 64µg/mL, respectively. The results showed that all oils at 1/2 and 1/4 MICs significantly reduced all tested virulence factors. At 1/8 MICs, Z. multiflora oil had significantly reduced virulence factors, but another oils had different effects. This study showed that sub-MIC levels of Z. multiflora, M. communis and E. camaldulensisessentialoils affected alginate production, biofilm formation, swimming, twitching and adhesion in P. aeruginosa and it is probable to use these medicinal plants for treating.
M.R. Jalali; H. Jafari; P. Owlia; N. Fallah; A. Davati
Abstract
Salmonellosis is one of the most common infections in developing countries. Antibiotics used for management, may led not only to drug-resistance, but also to some serious complications. Since antiquity medicinal plants have been used for treatment of diseases, Garlic is one of these agents with multiple ...
Read More
Salmonellosis is one of the most common infections in developing countries. Antibiotics used for management, may led not only to drug-resistance, but also to some serious complications. Since antiquity medicinal plants have been used for treatment of diseases, Garlic is one of these agents with multiple effects i.e. antibacterial effects. Sixty rabbits of Dutch-polish race were randomly divided in three equal groups; contaminated with no treatment as the control group, contaminated with treatment by low and high-doses of garlic aqueous extract in the other groups. All rabbits were infected with 1011 CFU of S. typhimurium fourty-eight hours after contamination, garlic aqueous extract was used in treated-groups at 20mg/kg and 40mg/kg three times a day. Stool culture is performed at first before contamination and after 24, 48, 72, 96 and 168 hours of treatment. Bacterial colony count stool showed significant statistics in different days. A significant difference was also seen in colony count of treated groups with non-treated group (p<0.001). But there was no definite difference in stool colony count of treated groups (low dose & high dose). So garlic aqueous extract has antibacterial effects on S.typhimurium. Further studies are recommended for clinical usage of this agent.
P. Owlia; H. Saderi; H. Aghaee; F. Zayeri
Volume 23, Issue 2 , August 2007, , Pages 157-165
Abstract
Herpes simlex virus causes various infections such as cold sore, encephalitis, keratoconjunctivitis and many other infections. In some cases, these diseases may lead to the patient's death. Myrtus communis L. essential oil is used in traditional medicine since antiquity. In this study, we have evaluated ...
Read More
Herpes simlex virus causes various infections such as cold sore, encephalitis, keratoconjunctivitis and many other infections. In some cases, these diseases may lead to the patient's death. Myrtus communis L. essential oil is used in traditional medicine since antiquity. In this study, we have evaluated the effect of the Myrtus communis essential oil at various concentrations on the infection caused by the Herpes simplex 1 virus in mice. The HSV-1 virus was reproduced in cell culture and then its titer was determined in terms of PFU/ml. PFU of 10-6 of the virus dilution was used to infect mice. After shaving hair on body sides of the animals, a scratch was created by the needle and five micro liters of the 10-6 PFU was inoculated onto the scratch. The mice were divided into five member groups. Tree groups were treated with 5, 10 and 15 mg/ml concentration of the Myrtus communis essential oil, the fourth was the control group that was treated with the vaselin (free from the medicine). The fifth and sixth groups were treated with commercial Myrtoplex and Asiclovir ointments. The mice were treated for 10 days and probable deaths and wounds were examined. The time of initiation and development of wounds or deaths in the experimental and those of the control groups were recorded. Results obviously showed the creation of vesicles in the group treated with Myrtus communis essential oil (5, 10 and 15 mg/ml) was delayed as compared to the control group (vaselin). The results also clearly show a delay in the creation of pustules in the group treated with Myrtus communis essential oil at 15 mg/ml concentration as compared to the group treated at 5mg/ml and 10 mg/ml concentrations (P=0.001). This study show that Myrtus communis essential oil at 15mg/ml concentration delays the creation of pustules that could be used in control or treatment of herpes simplex.
H. Saderi; P. Owlia; M. Radmanesh
Volume 22, Issue 4 , February 2007, , Pages 366-372
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the common bacteria in human infection. Increasing antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus lead to vast usage of antibiotics and releasing new drugs to market. In this respect, medical herbs with antimicrobial effect have had important role in traditional medicine. ...
Read More
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the common bacteria in human infection. Increasing antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus lead to vast usage of antibiotics and releasing new drugs to market. In this respect, medical herbs with antimicrobial effect have had important role in traditional medicine. The purpose of this study was evaluating antimicrobial effect of hydroalcoholic and aqueous extracts of seed and stem of Ruta graveolens plant on Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923). Agar diffusion method was used and relative MIC and MBC of effective extracts were determined with macro dilution method. The change of number of bacteria in the presence of extract with concentration equal to MBC was also determined for different period of times. The results showed that unlike aqueous extract, the hydroalcoholic extracts of Ruta graveolens have no effect on Staphylococcus aureus. MIC and MBC of aqueous extract of stem were 10% and 20%, whereas, aqueous extract of seed were measured 10% and >30%, respectively. In the presence of aqueous extract of stem of Ruta graveolens, bacterial population was reduced gradually. Since Ruta graveolens is a native and abundant plant species in Iran; it is likely to produce drugs against Staphylococcus aureus infection which require further research.
P. Owlia; H. Saderi; F. Matloob; M.B. Rezaee
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is an important pathogen that produces widespread infections. Increasing antibiotic usage for S. aureus infections, created antibiotic resistance and hence need for production of new antibiotics. Medicinal herb with antimicrobial effect have important role in traditional medicine. ...
Read More
Staphylococcus aureus is an important pathogen that produces widespread infections. Increasing antibiotic usage for S. aureus infections, created antibiotic resistance and hence need for production of new antibiotics. Medicinal herb with antimicrobial effect have important role in traditional medicine. The aim of this study was to survey antimicrobial effect of hydroalchoholic extract of Zataria multiflora on S. aureus. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentratioin (MBC) of extract of dried leaf of Z. multiflora were determined by macro-dilution method. The changes of the number of bacteria in the presence of different concentrations (25% and 30%) of extract and time were assessed. The results were compared with changes of the number of bacteria in presence of 4 µg/mloxacillin. The results showed that MIC and MBC was equal 25% for extract of Z. multiflora and reduction of the number of bacteria on the present of 30% of extract after 8h is equal with reduction of the number of bacteria exposed to 4 µg/ml oxacillin after 4h. Z .multiflora is native for Iran. Further studies and research on the antimicrobial effects of this medicinal herb, probably, may lead to production of herbal drugs.
P. Owlia; H. Saderi; S.A. Tabatabaei Nezhad; M. Naseri; M.B. Rezaee
Volume 20, Issue 2 , July 2004, , Pages 171-180
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is important opportunistic pathogen and to produce widespread infections by numerous virulence factors. Treatment of Pseudomonas infection is very difficult, because resistance to antibiotics is increasing. The purpose of this study was evaluation of antimicrobial effects of extract ...
Read More
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is important opportunistic pathogen and to produce widespread infections by numerous virulence factors. Treatment of Pseudomonas infection is very difficult, because resistance to antibiotics is increasing. The purpose of this study was evaluation of antimicrobial effects of extract of Ruta graveolens on P. aeruginosa (28852ATCC). MIC and MBC of extract were evaluated and change of number of bacteria in the present of 1%, 2%, 4% and 8% of R. graveolens extract was compared with the change of number of bacteria in the present of 0.00078 and 0.00156mg/ml gentamicin. The results showed that MIC and MBC of R. graveolenc extract were equal of 10% of concentration. Comparison of change of number of bacteria had shown that the effect of 8% of extract of R. graveolens after 4 h is equal of 0.00156mg/ml gentamicin after 2h. According to the results we can probably to use of R. graveolens against Pseudomonas infections, but we need more study and research.
M.R. Jalali Nadoushan; H. Jafari; P. Owlia
Volume 19, Issue 4 , January 2004, , Pages 425-431
Abstract
Purpose:Intestinal infection by salmonellae are common. These infections induce Histopathalgic changes in intestinal mucosa. Appropriate anti microbial therapy decreases histopathologic changes. In this research, we studied effect of agueouls garlic extract on intestinal hispathology changes. Materials ...
Read More
Purpose:Intestinal infection by salmonellae are common. These infections induce Histopathalgic changes in intestinal mucosa. Appropriate anti microbial therapy decreases histopathologic changes. In this research, we studied effect of agueouls garlic extract on intestinal hispathology changes. Materials &Methods:This study has been conducted by participating 3 groups, each of included 20 rabbits. Rabbits have been infected by salmonella typhimurium orally. 48 hours after contamination , two treated groups have been taken on therapy with 20mg/kg and 40mg/kg garlic extract 3 times daily. 7 days after treatment, rabbits killed and small intestine for pathologic study exiced. Findings:Histologic findings including edema, inflammatory cells infiltration and hyperemia shown statistical difference between groups. Conclusion:Aqueous garlic extract decreases severity of inflammation induced by salmonella typhi murinm in intestine of rabbit. But for routine use of garlic , other studies are recommended.
P. Owlia; H. Saderi; H. Semiyari; A.S. Hosseini; M. Naseri
Volume 19, Issue 1 , May 2003, , Pages 87-99
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis is an obligate anaerobic bacterium. This bacterium is one of the most important agents causing adult periodontitis. Periodontitis is a common oral infection. Oral infections are usually controlled by mouthwashes, for example chlorhexidine and herbal mouthwash. The purpose of ...
Read More
Porphyromonas gingivalis is an obligate anaerobic bacterium. This bacterium is one of the most important agents causing adult periodontitis. Periodontitis is a common oral infection. Oral infections are usually controlled by mouthwashes, for example chlorhexidine and herbal mouthwash. The purpose of the present study was to evalue of antimicrobial effects of mouthwash of Chamomile, essential oil of Chamomile and chlorhexidine. We evaluated the antimicrobial effects by agar diffusion method on supplemented Brucella agar. The growth inhibition zones were measured and compared with each other. Inhibition zone for Chamomile mouthwash, chlorhexidine (0.2%) and essential oil(1:5 dilution) of Chamomile were 13, 29.33 and 19.3 mm, respectively. The results showed that Chamomile have antimicrobial effect on Porphyromonas gingivalis. It appears that we can use Chamomile as mouthwash for treatment and prophylaxis of periodontitis.
