E. Sharifi Ashoorabadi; M.H. Lebaschy; A. Matin; B. Naderi; M. Rezaei; M. Gholypoor; K. Alizadeh Anaraki; B. Allahverdi
Abstract
In order to study the effects of irrigation and dry farming condition on growth indices of yarrow (Achillea millefolium L.) an experiment was carried out in Alborz Research Center during 2005-2006. In the first year after planting, the plants viability investigated in dry farming condition and growth ...
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In order to study the effects of irrigation and dry farming condition on growth indices of yarrow (Achillea millefolium L.) an experiment was carried out in Alborz Research Center during 2005-2006. In the first year after planting, the plants viability investigated in dry farming condition and growth physiological indices were determined. In the second year, the treatments were irrigated based on total accumulated evaporation from class A pan namely at the rate of 30 mm (mild stress), 60 mm (medium stress), 90 mm (severe stress), full irrigation (no stress) and no irrigation (control). For each treatment, the soil moisture content was measured by weighting method (daily) before and after applying irrigation treatments. The amount of water requires for each treatment was measured by water meter.In the second year, the growth physiological indices were also determined. The results showed that, at the first year, dry matter cumulated to 2250 GDD then reduced during growth. In second year, the plants with no irrigation were died. In other treatments, by increasing soil moisture from severe to medium, the dry mater cumulative and Leaf area index increased. In all of the stress treatments, decreasing in plant growth was observed in 3000 GDD. The results showed that, mild water stress had highest performance than other treatments.
E. Sharifi Ashoorabadi; M.H. Lebaschi; A. Matin; B. Abbaszadeh; K. Alizadeh Anaraki
Abstract
To investigation of Eenergy efficiency in agroecosystem, a field experiment was carried out on Mellisa officinlais in Alborz research complex in 2004 year. The treatments was 80 kgha-1 nitrogen application in soil and spry application (%2 nitrogen) that was compared to the control treatment (no fertilizers) ...
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To investigation of Eenergy efficiency in agroecosystem, a field experiment was carried out on Mellisa officinlais in Alborz research complex in 2004 year. The treatments was 80 kgha-1 nitrogen application in soil and spry application (%2 nitrogen) that was compared to the control treatment (no fertilizers) in complete randomize block design with three replication. In both treatments, the first application was conducted when plant high was 10 cm and second application was after 30 days. The harvest carried out before flowering. The energy efficiency was calculated by a software that had been designed.The results showed that, the spry method was significant (a=%5) to others. In comparison of other treatments, the spry application of nitrogen, increased energy efficiency to 2.14. In the spry method, nitrogen fertilizer reduced. Based on the results, low input Agriculture systems could be introduced for sustainable agriculture.
E. Sharifi Ashoorabadi; A. Matin; M.H. Lebaschi; B. Abbaszadeh
Volume 20, Issue 3 , October 2004, , Pages 369-376
Abstract
In order to effects of reduction in nitrogen fertilizer in agroecosystem, a field experiment was carried out on Mellisa officinlais in Alborz research complex in 2004 year. The treatments was 80 kgha-1 nitrogen application in soil and %2 spry application ...
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In order to effects of reduction in nitrogen fertilizer in agroecosystem, a field experiment was carried out on Mellisa officinlais in Alborz research complex in 2004 year. The treatments was 80 kgha-1 nitrogen application in soil and %2 spry application that was compared to the control treatment (no fertilizers) in complete randomize block design with three replication. In both treatments, the first application was conducted when plant high was 10 cm and second application was after 30 days. The harvest carried out before flowering. The results showed that, in comparison of other treatments, the application of nitrogen in form of spry , raised dry mater yield to 5532.8 kgha-1. The LSD test showed that, the spry method was significant (a=%5) to control. In the spry method, nitrogen fertilizer reduced 87.5% to the control. Based on the results, low input Agriculture systems could be introduced for sustainable agriculture.
E. Sharifi Ashoorabadi; A. Matin; B. abbaszadeh
Volume 19, Issue 3 , October 2003, , Pages 313-329
Abstract
To inverstigation of fertiltizers, manure and maxiture of them on amount and efficiency of nitrogen in agroecosystem, a field experiment was conducted on fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.)in alborz Research complex in Karaj/Iran.The treatments included, various levels fertilizers (NPK),used in commercial ...
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To inverstigation of fertiltizers, manure and maxiture of them on amount and efficiency of nitrogen in agroecosystem, a field experiment was conducted on fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.)in alborz Research complex in Karaj/Iran.The treatments included, various levels fertilizers (NPK),used in commercial agricultural system, different levels of manure, used in sustainable (organic) system, as well as a mixture of different ratio of fertilizers and manure, used in intermediate system, which were in comparison to the control treatment (no fertilizers and manure applied). The experiment design with three replication. The results showed that, treatment ’’20 ton/ha of manure mixed with N=80, P=64 and K=80 kg/ha of chemical fertilizers’’ of the intermediate systems produced the highest amounts of protein (3.182 percent). The highest of nitrogen efficiency in agroecosystem was caught in treatment “25 ton/ha of manure mixed with N=60, p=48 and K=60 Kg/ha of chemical fertilizers’’ of the intermediate systems. In the chemical systems, The increase of fertilizers, the nitrogen efficiency reduced considerably. Based on the results, the intermediate systems could be introduced for sustainable agriculature.
E. Sharifi Ashoorabadi; A. Matin; M.H. Lebaschi
Volume 19, Issue 2 , August 2003, , Pages 157-182
Abstract
To investigate different method of soil fertilization and their effects on physiological growth indices a filed experiment was carried out on Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) a medicinal plant, in Alborz Research complex, (NPK), used in commercial agriculture systems, a mixture of different ratios of ...
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To investigate different method of soil fertilization and their effects on physiological growth indices a filed experiment was carried out on Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) a medicinal plant, in Alborz Research complex, (NPK), used in commercial agriculture systems, a mixture of different ratios of fertilizers and manure, used in intermediate systems as well as different levels of manure used in sustainable systems, with were in comparison to the control (no fertilizers and manure applied) that selection in three systems. The experiment was conducted using a randomized complete blocks design with three replication. The physiological growth indices, such as dry matter, Leaf area index, and relative growth rate were determined. Dry matter and leaf area index in the intermediate system "20 tonha -1 of manure mixed with N=80, P=64 and K=80 kgha-1 of chemical fertilizers" pointed a noticeable increase during plant growth, compared to the methods. Seed yield increased %93.2, %14.1 and %8.6 related to control, chemical and organic systems respectively. In seed, the essential oil was %3.18 that increased %22.8 related to control and chemical system respectively and %10.8 related to organic system. In the essential oil, anethole increased. Application of intermediate system improved soil physical, chemical and biologica properties and raised absorption of nutrient, plant canopy and light interception in agroecosystes.
M.H. Lebaschy; A. Matin; Gh. Amin; E. Sharifi; L. Ahmadi
Volume 10, Issue 1 , November 2001, , Pages 39-64
Abstract
Fluctuation of hypericin and yield in Hypericum perforatum was examined in Karaj Research Station in 1989. In this study chemical fertilizer, organic manure and combination of them were allocated in subplot, and plant density was allocated as main plot with 4,5.7 and 10 plant m?. In a split plot design ...
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Fluctuation of hypericin and yield in Hypericum perforatum was examined in Karaj Research Station in 1989. In this study chemical fertilizer, organic manure and combination of them were allocated in subplot, and plant density was allocated as main plot with 4,5.7 and 10 plant m?. In a split plot design under CRBD with 3 replication. Hypericin in the tops from the first harvest was extracted and measured by Soxhlet and spectrophotometer. Hypericin extraction was performed in two stages by CHCL3 and MeOH and measured by standard hypericin. The results showed that the combination of fertilizer and manure and also manure alone produced maximum hypericin, in the first harvest which were 2262 and 2197 ppm, respectively. Hypericin yields of the mentioned treatments with 4684 and 4534 gr/ha also showed significant difference with chemical fertilizer and control. The highest hypericin yield produced in 10 plant m density. Sum of hypericin yields for combination of manure and fertilizer treatment in two harvests reaches to 8094 gr/ha. It seems that combination of chemical fertilizer and manure by improvement of the soil physical, chemical and biological properties are able to improve hypericin content without any toxicity in this medicinal plant.
E. Sharifi Ashorabadi; A. Ghalavand; Gh. Noormohammadi; A. Matin; Gh. Amin; P. Babakhanlou; M.H. Lebaschi; F. Sefidkon
Volume 7, Issue 1 , April 2001, , Pages 1-26
Abstract
The effect of different amounts of fertilizers, N.P.K., manure, as well as mixture of them in an expriment was investigated at Alborz Research Center, karaj, IRAN in 1996-97. The effects of the fertilizers were studied on seed and shoot yield of Fenel (Foeniclum vulgare), system treatments include various ...
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The effect of different amounts of fertilizers, N.P.K., manure, as well as mixture of them in an expriment was investigated at Alborz Research Center, karaj, IRAN in 1996-97. The effects of the fertilizers were studied on seed and shoot yield of Fenel (Foeniclum vulgare), system treatments include various levels of net chemical fertilizers, N.P.K., used in comercial or chemical agricultural systems as well as different levels of manure used in sustainable or organic systems, and a mixture of different ratios of fertilizers and manure used in mixture systems, and the control (with any fertilizer or manure). The expriment was condacted using completely Randomized Block Exprimental design with three replications. The results of first and second years of the expriment showed that in chemical systems, seed and straw had a higher performace in treatments 5(N=160 P= 128 and K=160 Kgha') and No.4 (N=120, P=96 and K=120 Kgha), which equalled 901.33 and 4326.2 Kgha?, respectively while in organic systems related to treatment No.13(40 tonh' manure) that resulted 947.17 and 5147.2 Kgha'', While the highest yield of seed and straw in mixture agroecosystems belonged to treatment No.10 (a mixture of 25 tons of manure with N=60, P=48 and K=60 kgha! chemical fertilizers) with seed an straw yield 1182.67 and 6627 Kgha, respectively. In comparison with the control treatment, seed and straw yield increase were: 69.37% and 31.49% for net chemical system; 122.23% and 101.43% for mixture system; and 77.98% and 56.44% for organic system respectively. The combined analysis of data from two consecutive years of the expriment indicated that shoot biomass of plant, seed & straw yield in mixture systems in comparison to net chemical and organic systems, rised significantly, which is comparisonly more tangible in the second year. This results could be related to that mixture of chemical fertilizer and manure, which is a nutritive source for the plant and plays an important role in improvment of chemical and physical structure of soil.
