A. Riazi; N. Majnoun Hosseini; H.A. Naghdi Badi; M.R. Naghavi; Sh. Rezazadeh
Abstract
Hypericin and hyperforin compounds are considered as the main active constituents of Hypericum perforatum L. In this research, phytochemical variations of 25 St. John’s Wort populations in Iran’s natural habitats were investigated. Plants were sampled randomly at the full flowering stage ...
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Hypericin and hyperforin compounds are considered as the main active constituents of Hypericum perforatum L. In this research, phytochemical variations of 25 St. John’s Wort populations in Iran’s natural habitats were investigated. Plants were sampled randomly at the full flowering stage from Golestan, Mazandaran, Gilan, East Azerbaijan, West Azerbaijan, Ardabil, Kurdistan, Hamedan, Kohgiloyeh and Boyr-Ahmad, Qazvin, Zanjan, Khorasan and Tehran provinces during the spring and summer of 2010. Results indicated that the differences in the amounts of hypericin and hyperforin of leaf and flower tissues were found to be significant among populations (P<0.05). Flower tissues had more hypericin and hyperforin amounts as compared to leaf tissues. The amount of hyperforin in both tissues was higher than that of hypericin significantly. Simple correlation analysis showed positive significant correlations between leaf hypericin with dark and light glands density on the leaf and light glands density on the leaf surface area as well as positive significant correlation between leaf hyperforin and leaf hypericin. The principal components analysis indicated that the two components explained 66% of the total variance. The cluster analysis divided these populations into three groups with no consistency in their geographical distribution. In conclusion, the results indicated high variations of phytochemical characters among St. John’s Wort populations in Iran’s natural habitats, which can be utilized in the breeding programs.
E. Daneshfar; K. Alirezalu; S.M. Ahmadi Hoseini; M.R. Naghavi; R. Omidbaigi
Abstract
Echium amoenum Fisch. is a perennial medicinal plant belonging to family Boraginaceae. Due to low information related to the seed oil of Echium amoenum Fisch., aim of the study was to determine and comparison of eight different accessions for 1000 seed weight, composition and content of fatty acids of ...
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Echium amoenum Fisch. is a perennial medicinal plant belonging to family Boraginaceae. Due to low information related to the seed oil of Echium amoenum Fisch., aim of the study was to determine and comparison of eight different accessions for 1000 seed weight, composition and content of fatty acids of the seed oil and determining the affinities of the accessions with regard to the seed oil yield. Some physicochemical characteristics of the oil were also measured. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete blocks design with three replications. Seed oil was extracted by soxhlet apparatus and the components were identified by GC/MS. For measuring the physicochemical characteristics of the oil including refractive index, acidity index, peroxide value, iodine value, saponification value, humidity, chlorophyll content and pH, standard methods of AOCS were used. Seven fatty acids were detected in composition of the oils. Linolenic acid, linoleic acid and oleic acid were identified as the main fatty acids. Acid gamma-linolenic was detected in oil analysis. No significant differences were recorded for 1000 seed weight and oil percentage at 95% level of probability while oil components showed significant differences. The farthest and the closest affinities were respectively recorded for (Esfahan and Rahim Abad) and (Zardband and Esfahan). Refractive index, acidity index, peroxide value, iodine value, saponification value, humidity, Chlorophyll content and pH were measured as follows, respectively: 1.47, 3.1 mg NaOH/g oil, 1.39 meq o2/1000 gr oil, 101.3 grI2/ 100gr oil, 163.02 mg KOH/g, 1.78%,16.9 mg Pheophytin/kg oil, and 5.8.
M. Omidi; B. Behjat Sasan; M.R. Naghavi; S. Kalate Jari; A.R. Etminan
Abstract
Taxus baccata L. is an endangered forest tree species. Taxol is recognized as a highly effective anticancer drug. It is mainly extracted from the bark and needles of taxus. A factorial experiment was carried out on the base of completely randomized design to find the best combination of media, explants ...
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Taxus baccata L. is an endangered forest tree species. Taxol is recognized as a highly effective anticancer drug. It is mainly extracted from the bark and needles of taxus. A factorial experiment was carried out on the base of completely randomized design to find the best combination of media, explants and plant regulators for callus induction in order to produce biomass taxol. In this research three factors were used as follows: MS medium and 4-modified MS media, which differ in salts and nitrogen construction and glutamine, two plant regulators (NAA, 2, 4-D and Kin), and two explants (stem and leaf). Following two months of callus, the tissue was transferred to ½ MS supplemented with 0.4 mg/l 2, 4-D+ 3mg/l Kin. The maximum percentage of callus induction (96.97%) was obtained from stem segments on ½ MS (475 mg/l KNO3, 412.5 mg/l NH4NO3) medium in combination with glutamine (100 mg/l) and containing 2,4-D (1mg/l) + Kin (1mg/l). The best response (80.67 mm2) was observed from leaf on ½ MS in combination with glutamine (100 mg/l) and containing NAA (2mg/l)+ Kin (0.2 mg/l) for callus size. Stem callus showed meristematic cells. According to the results, glutamine showed significant effects on callus induction and growth. The effect of low concentrations of growth regulators on callus induction and callus size was also more than that of high concentrations of growth regulators.
F. Jahansooz; H. Ebrahimzadeh; A.A. Najafi; M.R. Naghavi; H. Farzaneh
Volume 24, Issue 1 , May 2008, , Pages 10-17
Abstract
In this research antifungal activities of the essential oils of Ferula gummosa Boiss.from three localities (Kashan, Ilam and Semnan) against two plant phytopathogenic fungi (B. cinereaandRhizopus stolonifer) were evaluated. The antifungal activities of essential oils against B. cinereashowed that the ...
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In this research antifungal activities of the essential oils of Ferula gummosa Boiss.from three localities (Kashan, Ilam and Semnan) against two plant phytopathogenic fungi (B. cinereaandRhizopus stolonifer) were evaluated. The antifungal activities of essential oils against B. cinereashowed that the essential oil of all samples were effective against the growth of this fungus. As the control with 0 ppm concentration of the essential oil showed the highest and the 1200 ppm the lowest growth of B. cinerea. In contrast, the effect of the essential oils on the growth of Rhizopus stolonifer revealed a relatively positive effect on the higher concentrations. Our results showed that the increasing amount of the essential oils of F. gummosa can conclude different effects on different fungi.
A. Sepahvand; H. Astereki; M.R. Naghavi; J. Daneshian; A. Mohammadian
Volume 24, Issue 1 , May 2008, , Pages 109-116
Abstract
In this study since 2004 to 2005, 16 accession of Persian shallots were collected from Lorestan province andevaluated to determine the diversity among them. The studied morphological characters were: Bulb weight, number of bulb, plant height, bulb diameter leaf length and leaf width. Duncan’s multiple ...
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In this study since 2004 to 2005, 16 accession of Persian shallots were collected from Lorestan province andevaluated to determine the diversity among them. The studied morphological characters were: Bulb weight, number of bulb, plant height, bulb diameter leaf length and leaf width. Duncan’s multiple range tests showed that the accession of Persian shallot were significantly different in all evaluated parameters except bulb diameter and leaf length. Correlation coefficients showed that bulb weight was positively correlated with number of bulb (r = 0.474) and bulb diameter (r = 0.624), which is useful for indirect selection of accession with high number of bulb and bulb diameter and therefore high amount of bulb weight. Cluster and principal component analyses based on six morphological traits separated the accession into four main groups, but did not indicate significant relationship between genetic diversity and geographical origins.
E. Talebi Kohyakhy; M. Mohammad Aliha; M.R. Naghavi
Abstract
Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers have been used to characterize the genetic diversity among 13 Iranian landraces of Ferula gummosa Boiss. The 7 primers used in this study amplified 69 scorable RAPD bands among which 64 were polymorphic (94%). The average number of bands was 9.14 for each ...
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Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers have been used to characterize the genetic diversity among 13 Iranian landraces of Ferula gummosa Boiss. The 7 primers used in this study amplified 69 scorable RAPD bands among which 64 were polymorphic (94%). The average number of bands was 9.14 for each primer. Dice similarity index was used for measuring genetic similarities among landraces. The highest similarity (0.80) was found between Hamlon and Reef populations, whereas the lowest was between Hamloon and Semnan. UPGMA algorithm was used for cluster analysis. Cluster analysis separated the 13 landraces into three main groups. The results indicated that RAPD technique is an efficient tool for assessing genetic diversity in Ferula gummosa populations.
