Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research

In collaboration with Scientific Association of Iranian Medicinal Plants

Current Issue

By Issue

By Author

By Subject

Author Index

Keyword Index

About Journal

Aims and Scope

Publication Ethics

Indexing and Abstracting

Related Links

FAQ

Peer Review Process

Journal Metrics

News

A study on the genetic diversity of different populations of German chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) using morphological traits and essential oil percentage

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 M.Sc. student, Department of Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, Iran

2 Department of Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, Iran

Abstract

Despite the importance of the German chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.), as one of the most widely used medicinal plants in the world, there is little information about the genetic variation within and between its populations in Iran. This study was conducted to investigate the genetic diversity of 15 chamomile populations based on morphological characteristics in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Height, flower diameter, receptacle diameter, fresh flower weight, dry flower weight, wet biomass, dry biomass, flowering index, essential oil percentage and Chamazulene percentage were analyzed. The populations had a significant difference for all traits (P≤0.01). The phenotypic and genotypic variation was obtained to be more than 60% for dry weight, dry mass and Chamazulene content. Significant values were recorded for the heritability of the traits including percentage of kemazolen (94.04), the wet biomass (93.93), plant height (90.59), flower diameter (86.52), dry flower weight (84.15), and dry biomass (83.08). The highest and lowest yield (kg/ha) were related to Hamedan (9700) and Eurea (753.33) populations, respectively. The highest percentage of Chamazulene and essential oil content were obtained from Dehroud (14.10) and Jam-o-Riz (0.61), respectively. The flower diameter had the highest correlation (0.62) with the percentage of essential oil. Regression analysis for essential oil percentage as the dependent variable was performed and four traits including flower diameter, height, and fresh weight of flower were introduced into the model, explaining 59% of the variation. In the path analysis for essential oil percentage as the dependent variable, the highest direct effect was related to the fresh weight of flower (1.09) and the highest indirect effect was related to the fresh weight of flower (1.06). The cluster analysis grouped the populations into three groups that did not follow geographical distribution.

Keywords

References
- Adeli, N., Alizadeh, M.A., Mohammadi, A.A. and Jafari, A.A., 2015. Evaluation of morphologic and phenologic traits and essential oil yield of some populations of chamomile (Anthemis haussknechtii). Journal of Agronomy, 106(28): 185-192.
- Applequist, W.L., 2002. A reassessment of the nomenclature of Matricaria L. and Tripleurospermum Sch. Bip. (Asteraceae). Taxon, 51(4): 757-761.
- D’Andrea, L., 2002. Variation of morphology yield and essential oil components in common chamomile (Chamomilla recutita) cultivation grown in southern Italy. Journal of Herbs, Spices and Medicinal Plants. 9(4): 359-365.
- Farshadfar, E., 1997. The Application of Quantitative Genetics in Plant Breeding (Vol. 1). Taq-e Bostan publishers, 528p.
- Kameswara Rao, N., 2004. Review-Plant genetic resources: Advancing conservation and use through biotechnology. African Journal of Biotechnology, 3(2): 136-145.
- Mahdikhani, H., Solouki, M., Zenali, H. and Imamjomeh, A.A., 2006. A study of Morphological and molecular diversity in Matricaria spp. Master's thesis, Zabul University, School of Agriculture.
- Mahdikhani, H., Zenali, H., Solouki, M. and Imamjomeh, A.A., 2014. Investigation of agronomic traits and their relationships in German chamomile landraces (Matricaria chamomilla L.). Agronomy Journal (Pajouhesh & Sazandegi), 105: 81-90.
- Mohammadi, R., 2008. Investigation on agronomical, phytochemical and nutrient variation in German chamomile. Master's Thesis, Tarbiat Modares University.
- Mohammadi, R., Dehghani, H. and Zainali, H., 2014. Study the genetic diversity of different chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) landraces using morphological and phonological traits. Journal of Agronomy, 27(105): 74-63.
- Noori, F., Salehi Shanjani, P., Beyki bandarabadi, A.H., Alizade, A.M., Tabaei Aghdaei, R. and Hadadi, R., 2012. Genetic diversity and relationships among Iranian chamomile species and populations using total proteins marker its association with biochemical characteristics. 12th Iranian Genetics Congress, Tehran, Iran, 22-24 May.
- Omidbaigi, R., 2000. Production and Processing of Medicinal Plants: An Approach (Vol 3). Astan Quds Razavi Press, Tehran, 397pp.
- Pandey, S., Kumar, S., Mishra, U., Rai, A., Singh. M. and Rai, M., 2008. Genetic diversity in Indian ash gourd (Benincasa hispida) accessions as revealed by quantitative traits and RAPD markers. Scientia Horticulturae, 118: 80-86.
- Pirkhezri, M., Hassani, M. E. and Fakhre Tabatabai, M., 2008. Evaluation of genetic diversity of some German chamomile populations (Matricaria chamomilla L.) using some morphological and agronomical characteristics. Journal of Horticultural Science (Agricultural Science and Technology), 22(2): 87-99.
- Qasemi Dehkordi, N., 2002. Iranian Pharmacopoeia. Ministry of Health and Medical Education, 795p.
- Solouki, M., Mahdikhani, H., Zeinali, H. and Emamjomeh, A.A., 2008. Study of genetic diversity in chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) based on morphological traits and molecular markers. Scientia Horticulturae, 117: 281-287.
- Solouki, M., Mahdikhani, H. and Zeinali, H., 2013. Study the genetic diversity of chamomile landraces (Matricaria aurea L.) Sch. Bip.) Using random and semi-random primers. Journal of Crop Breeding, 5(11): 69-82.
- Taiz, L. and Zeiger, E., 2000. Plant Physiology. Sinauer Associates, Inc., Sunderland Publishers.
- Zeinali, H., Tavassoli, M., Mozaffarian, V., Sefidkon, F., Rezaei, M.B. and Safaei, L., 2007. Study the German chamomile genotypesin terms of flower yield and its components. 3th Congress on Medicinal Plants, Tehran, 24-25 October: 275.
- Zeinali, H., Mozaffarian, V., Davazdah Emami, S. and Hooshmand, S., 2010. Study of morphological, phonological and essential oil variation in Matricaria recutica L. Plant Production Technology, 1(10): 49-57.
Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research
Volume 34, Issue 1 - Serial Number 87
March and April 2018
Pages 115-130
Files
Share
How to cite
Statistics