Z. Noroozi; M. Moslehisahd; M.H. Salehi Surmaghi
Abstract
Rosa foetida Herrm. is one of the native Rosa species in Iran known as Iranian yellow rose. The main growth area of this plant in Iran is the western parts especially Kurdistan. It is used for kidney disorders treatment and as a source of vitamin C. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of ...
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Rosa foetida Herrm. is one of the native Rosa species in Iran known as Iranian yellow rose. The main growth area of this plant in Iran is the western parts especially Kurdistan. It is used for kidney disorders treatment and as a source of vitamin C. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of free radical scavenging, determination of phenolic compounds, and antimicrobial activity of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of yellow rose flowers. The antioxidant activity and total phenolic compounds of extracts of yellow rose were determined using ABTS free radical scavenging assay and Folin-Ciocalteu method, respectively. Dilution method was used to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) against Salmonella enterica, Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus. The results showed a significant positive correlation between free radical scavenging percentage and the concentration of the extracts (P<0.05). In the range of 0.39-12.50 mg ml-1 concentrations, the aqueous extract had more antioxidant activity than ethanolic extract (P<0.05). The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of aqueous and ethanolic extracts was calculated to be 217.069 and 223.116 μmol, respectively. The results of total phenolic compounds test in extracts showed a positive and significant relationship between the concentration of the extracts and their phenolic compounds content, and the aqueous extract contained more phenolic compounds as compared with the ethanolic extract (P<0.05). The highest antimicrobial effect of aqueous and ethanolic extracts was observed against Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella enterica, respectively (P<0.05). Due to the favorable antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of this plant, its use as a natural additive in the food industry is recommended.
Z. Habibi; M. Yousefi
Abstract
The chemical constituents of essential oil and the extract of Codonocephalum stenocalathium Rech. f. were investigated. The oil of the aerial parts was obtained with hydrodistillation by Clevenger apparatus and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Twenty-seven compounds, representing ...
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The chemical constituents of essential oil and the extract of Codonocephalum stenocalathium Rech. f. were investigated. The oil of the aerial parts was obtained with hydrodistillation by Clevenger apparatus and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Twenty-seven compounds, representing 70.9% of oil were identified. The main constituents were (E)-nuciferol (10.4%), geranyl-n-propionate (6.4%) and (Z)-lanceol acetate(4.7%). The chloroform extract of C. stenocalathium yielded two known compounds as pseudotaraxasterol acetate and ilicic acid. The structures of these natural products were elucidated by using 1H and 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The antibacterial activity of the crude extract was examined against three Gram-positive and three Gram-negative bacteria. The extract showed inhibitory effects on the growth of bacteria especially against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli.
F. Sefidkon; L. Sadeghzadeh; M. Teimouri; F. Asgari; Sh. Ahmadi
Volume 23, Issue 2 , August 2007, , Pages 174-182
Abstract
The genus Satureja represents 15 species in Iran, 9 of them are endemic. In this study, the aerial parts of Satureja khuzistanica Jamzad and Satureja bachtiarica Bunge were collected at two stage of plant growth (before flowering and full flowering) from their natural habitats. After drying the plant ...
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The genus Satureja represents 15 species in Iran, 9 of them are endemic. In this study, the aerial parts of Satureja khuzistanica Jamzad and Satureja bachtiarica Bunge were collected at two stage of plant growth (before flowering and full flowering) from their natural habitats. After drying the plant materials in shade, essential oils were obtained by hydro-distillation and analyzed by capillary gas chromatography, using flame ionization and mass spectrometric detection. The results showed the oil of S. bachtiarica contained 20% carvacrol and 19% thymol before flowering and 26% carvacrol and 5% thymol at full flowering stage, as main components. The oil of S. khuzistanica, in both harvesting time contained about 90% carvacrol. Due to the antimicrobial effect of phenolic compounds, thymol and carvacrol, the antimicrobial effects of these oils were determined against five gram positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Micrococcus loteus, Staphylococcussp. and Staphylococcus areous) and three gram negative bacteria (Kellebsiella pneumonia, Kellebsiella oxytoca and Pseudomonas aeroginosa). The result showed the oil of S. khuzistanica had strong anti-bacterial effect in both harvesting stage. The anti-bacterial effect of S. bachtiarica oil was stronger before flowering stage, because of more percentage of phenolic compounds. So these oils can be used instead of synthetic antibiotics that their resistance against bacteria increased daily.
H. Saderi; P. Owlia; M. Radmanesh
Volume 22, Issue 4 , February 2007, , Pages 366-372
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the common bacteria in human infection. Increasing antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus lead to vast usage of antibiotics and releasing new drugs to market. In this respect, medical herbs with antimicrobial effect have had important role in traditional medicine. ...
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Staphylococcus aureus is one of the common bacteria in human infection. Increasing antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus lead to vast usage of antibiotics and releasing new drugs to market. In this respect, medical herbs with antimicrobial effect have had important role in traditional medicine. The purpose of this study was evaluating antimicrobial effect of hydroalcoholic and aqueous extracts of seed and stem of Ruta graveolens plant on Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923). Agar diffusion method was used and relative MIC and MBC of effective extracts were determined with macro dilution method. The change of number of bacteria in the presence of extract with concentration equal to MBC was also determined for different period of times. The results showed that unlike aqueous extract, the hydroalcoholic extracts of Ruta graveolens have no effect on Staphylococcus aureus. MIC and MBC of aqueous extract of stem were 10% and 20%, whereas, aqueous extract of seed were measured 10% and >30%, respectively. In the presence of aqueous extract of stem of Ruta graveolens, bacterial population was reduced gradually. Since Ruta graveolens is a native and abundant plant species in Iran; it is likely to produce drugs against Staphylococcus aureus infection which require further research.
E. Alishahi-Noorani; F. Sefidkon; M. Yoosefzadi; S. Neamati; M. Khajeh-piri
Abstract
The Genus Salvia from Labiatae family consists of 700 species in the world, 58 species in Iran. The plant materials of S. chloroleuca were collected from 18 km on Chalus. The Genus Nepeta from Labiatae family has vast distribution in all over of Iran. The aerial parts of N. fissa were collected from ...
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The Genus Salvia from Labiatae family consists of 700 species in the world, 58 species in Iran. The plant materials of S. chloroleuca were collected from 18 km on Chalus. The Genus Nepeta from Labiatae family has vast distribution in all over of Iran. The aerial parts of N. fissa were collected from 4km on Ab-Ali. In this research, at first the essential oils were extracted by hydro-distillation from the aerial parts of S. chloroleuca and N. fissa. The oils were analyzed by capillary GC and GC/MS. Twelve compounds were identified in the oil of S. chloroleuca with Germacrene D (37.4%) β-cayophyllene (37%) and bicyclogermacrene (7.1%) as Main constituent. Forty-two components were characterized in the oil of N. fissa with Caryophyllene oxide (12.3%) Valencene (6.6%) and β- pinene(6%) as main compound. Then the antimicrobial activities of the essential oils were evaluated by disk diffusion method using: Bacillus subtilis (G+), Staphylococus aureus (G+) ATCC 25923, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (G-) ATCC 85327, Echerchia coli (G-) ATCC 25992. The results indicated that the oil of S. chloroleuca had the greatest antibacterial effect against mentioned bacteria, on E. coli and S. aureus were mid- resistant.
