F. Keneshloo; F. Sefidkon; H. Keneshloo; M.A. Alizadeh
Abstract
In order to study the essential oil content and composition of different accessions of Anthemis haussknechtii Boiss. & Reut, the seeds were collected from Kordestan, west Azarbaijan, Ilam and Fars provinces and sown at Alborz research station during 2013-2014. In the flowering stage, the flowering ...
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In order to study the essential oil content and composition of different accessions of Anthemis haussknechtii Boiss. & Reut, the seeds were collected from Kordestan, west Azarbaijan, Ilam and Fars provinces and sown at Alborz research station during 2013-2014. In the flowering stage, the flowering shoots were harvested and air died. The essential oil was obtained by hydro-distillation method and analyzed and identified by GC and GC/MS. Results showed that the essential oil yield of Piranshar and Darehshahr was 0.2% and 0.03%, respectively. Twenty eight components were identified in eight accessions and differed in number, type and percentage. The main components of essential oils were spathulenol in Darehshahr, Ghorveh, Divandareh2, Ivan, Piranshahr and Sanandaj (19.1, 18.1, 16.2, 14.5, 13.8 and 12.2 percent, respectively), caryophyllen oxide in Darehshahr, Ghorveh, Divandareh2, Fars and Divandareh1 (20.5, 13.2, 12.9, 12.4 and 12.2 percent, respectively) and globulol in Ivan, Divandareh2 and Ghorveh (12.0, 11.5 and 11.2 percent, respectively). Cluster analysis showed that eight essential oils of different populations were classified into three categories including Piranshahr-Fars, Ghorveh-Darehshahr and others. According to the results, to obtain some high-percentage components, it is essential to extract the essential oil from a specific population.
F. Keneshloo; F. Sefidkon; H. Keneshloo; M.A. Alizadeh
Abstract
Anthemis, belonging to Asteraceae family, has 23 native annual species in Iran whose flowers and other organs contain essential oil. To study the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the Anthemis pseudocotula Boiss. essential oil, the seeds were collected from natural habitat in Maraveh Tapeh, ...
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Anthemis, belonging to Asteraceae family, has 23 native annual species in Iran whose flowers and other organs contain essential oil. To study the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the Anthemis pseudocotula Boiss. essential oil, the seeds were collected from natural habitat in Maraveh Tapeh, and planted in the Alborz Research Station. In full flowering stage, samples were prepared from plant flowers, leaves, stems and flowering shoots. After air-drying, the essential oil was extracted by hydro-distillation method and analyzed by GC and GC/MS. According to the obtained results, the essential oil yield of flowers, leaves, stems, and flowering shoots were calculated to be 0.06, 0.02, 0.06, and 0.06-plant dry weight. Twenty-three components were identified in the leaf essential oil whose main components were β-thujone (27.3%), cadin-4-en-7-ol (cis) (11%), caryophyllene oxide (10%) and β-eudesmol (6.7%). In the stem essential oil, 14 components were identified and Z-β-farnesene (62.4%), lavandulyl and 2-methyl butanoate (12.4%) were the two main components. The three main components identified in the flower essential oil were β-thujone (33.6%), spathulenol (20.3%) and Z-β-farnesene (9.5%). The three main components identified in the flowering shoots were β-thujone (34%), Z-β- farnesene (12.3%) and caryophyllene oxide (12.3%). The results showed that β-thujone as a main component of essential oils ranged from 3% in leaves to 34% in flowering shoots. Our results clearly showed that more essential oil yield could be obtained from the flowering shoots of Anthemis pseudocotula at full flowering stage. As well, the desired parts could be extracted to obtain higher amount of essential oil components for specific objectives.
H. Keneshloo; M.Y. Achak; Gh. Damizadeh
Abstract
Phenological stages of Moringa peregrina (Forssk.) Fiori. was studied in the southeast of Iran during 2008 to 2011. This study was carried out in six regions of Hormozgan and Balochestan provinces. Three trees were marked in each site and monitored every 15 days. Phenological stages included the time ...
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Phenological stages of Moringa peregrina (Forssk.) Fiori. was studied in the southeast of Iran during 2008 to 2011. This study was carried out in six regions of Hormozgan and Balochestan provinces. Three trees were marked in each site and monitored every 15 days. Phenological stages included the time of bud break, flowering, fruiting, ripening, fruit and leaf shedding, and several other characteristics. The results of phenological and meteorological data indicated that the growth patterns of M. peregrina might alter with annual temperatur, fluctuations of drought and precipitation. M. peregrina is an evergreen plant and its growth is started when proper temperature and enough humidity are available. Leaf buds begin to sprout and primary leaves appear in January. These leaves are short-lived and start to fall in May when the temperature gets warm. White and pink flowers appear in February and March. Pod-like and green fruits appear on young branches in April and May. Fruit ripening starts simultaneously with maturity stage in July and seeds begin to fall out in August. Petiole falling starts simultaneously with fruit development and drought occurance from late May to late June. Dormancy period is followed by August and continues until November. Rainfall during the flowering stage induces the flowers not to inoculate, and other phonological phases are affected. Results from different sites showed that the phenological stages of Moringa peregrina might be altered with aspect, altitude and latitude, but in all conditions, the minimum growth degree days (G.D.D) required for ripening seed should not be less than 2470°C.
K. Jaimand; M.B. Rezaee; F. Sefidkon; M. Naderi; H. Keneshloo; M.Y. Achak; M. Farahpour; Sh. Karimi
Abstract
Moringa peregrine (Forssk.) Fiori is one of the species growing in tropical and desert areas and is distributed in the southeastern of the country in Hormozghan and Sistan and Balochestan provinces. Moringa peregrine is a desert shrub that can grow in areas with little rainfall, andit has a great nutritional, ...
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Moringa peregrine (Forssk.) Fiori is one of the species growing in tropical and desert areas and is distributed in the southeastern of the country in Hormozghan and Sistan and Balochestan provinces. Moringa peregrine is a desert shrub that can grow in areas with little rainfall, andit has a great nutritional, pharmaceutical, environmental, industrial and economic values. This research was aimed to determination of fatty acids in Moringa peregrina seed oil from different locations in Sistan and Balochestan province in 2009. Five samples were collected from five natural research stations. The oil content was determined by the Soxhlet method. The oil content obtained from Tong Fonoj, Keneshky, Bent, Begaband, and Dorahy Chanf sations were measured to be 54.6%, 50.4%, 52.4%, 53.2%, and 53.6% respectively. According to the obtained results, fatty acids content varied as follows: oleic acid (71.5-74%), palmitic acid (12.6-14.7%), Iso-oleic acid (3.6-4.5%), palmitoleic acid (3.3-4.7%), stearic acid (1.9-2.4%), Behenic acid (0.9-1.5%), gadoleic acid (0.4-10.9%) and Arachidonic acid (0.4-1.3%). Over 90 percent of the oil consumed in the country is imported from abroad. Our results clearly indicate that due to the amount of fatty acids in Moringa peregrina seeds, this plant can be considered as a new source for the production of vegetable oil and widespread food consumption.
H. Keneshloo; H. Mirzaie-Nodoushan; F. Asadicorom; U. Achak
Abstract
Moringa peregrina (Forssk.) Fiori is one of the neglected Moringa species which is growing in a wide area of southeast part of Iran. The research was carried out by studying seedling growth parameters on 310 Moringa peregrina seedlings to investigate interrelationship between the growth parameters and ...
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Moringa peregrina (Forssk.) Fiori is one of the neglected Moringa species which is growing in a wide area of southeast part of Iran. The research was carried out by studying seedling growth parameters on 310 Moringa peregrina seedlings to investigate interrelationship between the growth parameters and their possible effects on seedling growth. Therefore, seed was collected from 21 single plants of the species across its habitats in southeast part of the country. Seedlings were grown in greenhouse conditions on which several seedling growth parameters were recorded after seedling establishment. The recorded data were analyzed based on completely randomized design model to assess the differences between the mother plants. To confirm the differences between the sampled single trees, all the possible paired correlation coefficients were estimated. To select the parameters specified by multiple regression analysis, path analysis was performed to investigate the direct and indirect relations between the independent parameters and plant height as the dependent parameter. Principal components analysis was also used to assess the interrelationship between the growth parameters. To classify the progenies of the single plants, the first and second components of the analysis were plotted and the results of the plot were compared to the results of cluster analysis. All the recorded traits showed a significant positive correlation with seedling height. Dividing the phenotypic correlation to the direct and indirect effects revealed that several traits affect the dependent parameters positively direct and negatively indirect, through other recorded growth parameters. Traits such as leaflet width with a positive simple correlation to the seedling height, showed a negative direct effect on the dependent parameter.
F. Asadicorom; H. Mirzaie-Nodoushan; M. Emam; Gh. Bakhshi-Khaniki; H. Keneshloo; M.Y. Achak
Abstract
Plant responses to micro propagation may have genetic basis with quantitative or qualitative inheritance modes. Investigating of variations within and between populations of drumstick (Moringa peregrina (Forssk.) Fiori) through culturing immature seeds and embryos, for responding to micro propagation, ...
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Plant responses to micro propagation may have genetic basis with quantitative or qualitative inheritance modes. Investigating of variations within and between populations of drumstick (Moringa peregrina (Forssk.) Fiori) through culturing immature seeds and embryos, for responding to micro propagation, were the main objectives of this study. A high number of immature seeds and embryos were collected from six different habitats of the species located at South part of Sistan and Baluchestan. These were aseptically cultured on 7 different mediums. A number of morphological traits were recorded on the growing genotypes for two successive times. The studied populations showed significant differences based on the length and width of the collected immature seeds. But they were not significantly different based on several other characteristics in the first time records. Number of lateral roots and shoot length were significantly different between the populations at this stage. There were significant differences between the studied culturing media based on several studied characters. Regarding significant interactions between the population and the culture media, WPM was the best for growing more mature seeds (collected from Bent and Chanf). Whereas, less mature seeds grown better in the media with higher calcium sources. The differences between the populations were revealed for number of root, root length and plantlet length based on the second time records. Significant interaction between the populations and media in several recorded characters showed that the alteration of the response of the plant populations were not similar across the media.
