Allelopathic effect of rue (Ruta graveolens L.) on seed germination of three weeds

Makkizadeh Tafti, M.; Salimi, M.; Farhoudi, R.

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

¹ Department of Cultivation & Development, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR. Tehran, Iran

² Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

³ Islamic Azad University, Shushtar, Iran

Abstract

The allelopathic effects of rue (Ruta graveolens L.) were evaluated on seed germination of velvet flower (Amaranthus retroflexus), flixweed (Descurainia Sophia) and purslane (Portulaca oleracea) in laboratory using the aqueous extracts of dried powdered of rue leaves. The treatments were 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5, 10 and 15% extract of Ruta graveolens and distilled water (control). According to the results, extracts significantly inhibited seed germination of weed species and the degree of inhibition increased with increasing concentration of extracts. Germination of Amaranthus retroflexus seeds was inhibited at concentrations greater than 5%. In addition, radicle and plumule lengths of Amaranthus retroflexus were significantly reduced at 1% compared to the distilled water. Results indicated germination percentage, germination rate and radicle and plumule lengths of Portulaca oleracea were significantly reduced by the extracts compared to the distilled water. Results confirmgermination of Descurainia sophia seeds was inhibited at concentrations greater than 2.5%. Accordingly germination rate and radicle lengths of Descurainia sophia were significantly reduced by the extracts compared to the distilled water. Therefore, extract of rue might be useful as natural herbicides and might also contain numerous growth inhibitors that could be used for the development of biological herbicides.

Keywords

References

- حجازی، ا.ا.، 1379. آللوپاتی (خود مسمومی و دگر مسمومی: اثرات متقابل موجودات نسبت به یکدیگر). انتشارات دانشگاه تهران، 324 صفحه.

- میقانی، ف.، 1382. آللوپاتی (دگر آسیبی)، از مفهوم تا کاربرد. انتشارات پرتو واقعه، 256 صفحه.

- Aliotta, G. and Cafiero, G., 1999. Biological properties of Ruta graveolens and its potential use in sustainable agricultural systems. 551-563, In: Dakshiny K.M.M. and Foy C.L., (eds.), Principles and Practice in Plant Ecology. CRC Press Boca Raton FL., 608p.

- Anaya, A.L., 1999. Allelopathic bacteria and their impact on higher plants. Critical Review in Plant Science, 18(6): 697-739.

- Hale, A.L., Meepagala, K.M., Oliva, A., Aliotta, G. and Duke, S.O., 2004. Phytotoxins from the leaves of Ruta graveolens. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 52: 3345-3349.

- Hartman, H., Kester, D. and Davis, F., 1990. Plant propagation. Prentice Hall Inc, New Jersey, 647p.

- Hogetsu, T., Shibaoka, H. and Shimokoriyama, M., 1974. Involvement of cellulose synthesis in actions of gibberellin and kinetin on cell expansion. Gibberellin-coumarin and kinetin-coumarin interactions on stem elongation. Plant and Cell Physiology, 15: 265-272.

- Inam, B. and Hussain, F., 1989. Cannabis sativa L. is allelopathic. Pakistan Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research, 32(9): 617-620.

- Inderjit, K. and Foy, C.L., 1999. Nature of interference mechanisms of mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris). Weed Technology, 13: 176-182.

- Kohli, R.K., Singh, H.P. and Batish, D.R., 2001.Allelopathy in agro ecosystems. Food Products Press, USA, 447p.

- Lee, D.L., Prisbylla, M.P., Cromartie, T.H., Dagarin, D.P., Howard, S.W., Provan, W.M., Ellis, M.K., Fraser, T. and Mutter L.C., 1997. The discovery and structural requirements of inhibitors of p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase. Weed Science, 45(5): 601-609.

- Lydon, J., Teasdale, J.R. and Chen, P.K., 1997. Allelopathic activity of annual worm wood (Artemisia annua) and the role of artemisinin. Weed Science, 45: 807-811.

- Narwal, S.S. and Tauro, P., 1996. Allelopathy in pests management for sustainable agriculture. Preceding of the International Conference on Allelopathy, Vol. I, New Delhi, India, 5 Septembe: 67-76.

- Oliva, A., Aliotta, G., Cafiero, G., Michela Corsaro, M., Conti, S. and Melchionna, G., 2001. Cyto-physiological events during radish germination in the presence of a Ruta graveolens L. infusion. Plant Biosystems, 135(3): 263-270.

- Oliva, A., Lahoz, E., Contillo, R. and Aliotta, G., 2002. Effects of Ruta graveolens leaves on soil characteristics and on seed germination and early seedling growth of four crop species. Annals Applied Biology, 141: 87-91.

- Owens, L.D., 1973. Herbicidal potential of rhizobiotoxine.Weed Science, 21: 63-66.

- Pandy, D.K., 1996. Phytotoxicity of sesquiterpene lactone parthenin on aquatic weeds. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 22: 151-160.

- Qasem, J.R., 1995. Allelopathic effect of some arable land weeds on wheat (Triticum durum L.): A survey. Dirasat, 22B(4): 81-97.

- Sharma, V. and Nathawat, G.S., 1987. Allelopainic effect of Argemon mexicana L. on species of Triticum,Brassica,Raphanus and Pennisetum.Current Science, 59(2): 427-428.

- Vansumere, C.F., Cottenic, J., De Greef, J. and Kint, J., 1971. Biochemical studies in relation to the possible germination regulatory occurring coumarin and phenolics. Phytochemistry, 4: 165-221.

Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research

Allelopathic effect of rue (Ruta graveolens L.) on seed germination of three weeds

References

References

- حجازی، ا.ا.، 1379. آللوپاتی (خود مسمومی و دگر مسمومی: اثرات متقابل موجودات نسبت به یکدیگر). انتشارات دانشگاه تهران، 324 صفحه.

Volume 24, Issue 4 - Serial Number 42
February 2009
Pages 463-471

Allelopathic effect of rue (Ruta graveolens L.) on seed germination of three weeds

References

References

- حجازی، ا.ا.، 1379. آللوپاتی (خود مسمومی و دگر مسمومی: اثرات متقابل موجودات نسبت به یکدیگر). انتشارات دانشگاه تهران، 324 صفحه.

Volume 24, Issue 4 - Serial Number 42February 2009Pages 463-471

Volume 24, Issue 4 - Serial Number 42
February 2009
Pages 463-471