Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
2 Ph.D. student, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Artemisia genus belongs to Astraceae family with 34 species in Iran which two species, A. melanolepis Boiss. and A. kermanensis Podl, are endemic. In Iran and China this plant is highly noteworthy in traditional medicine. The purpose of this study is to determine the chemical composition in essential oil of Artemisia turcomanica Gand. Leaves after different hours of distillation and also identify essential oil composition of Artemisia turcomanica Gand. stems after four hours distillation. The essential oils of Artemisia turcomanica Gand. leaves were extracted after one, two and three hours of distillation by Clevenger apparatus and were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Generally, thirty-nine volatile components were identified on the basis of mass spectra characteristics, retention indices and 13CNMR spectroscopy. Thirty compounds were identified after one hour distillation from which linalool (21%), 1,8-cineole (19%), camphor (17%) and cis-chrysanthenyl acetate (16%) were the major constituents. The results of GC-MS analysis of the essential oil after two hour distillation revealed the presence of twenty-five compounds from which the major constituents were cis-chrysanthenyl acetate (24%), bornyl acetate (15%), linalool (13%) and camphor (9.3%). After three hours, the analysis of the oil showed thirty compounds. The major constituents were cis-chrysanthenyl acetate (12%), selin-11-en-4-α-ol (8.7%), bornyl acetate (8%), cis-jasmone (4%) and camphor (3.6%). Eighteen compounds were identified in the volatiles from the stems of A. turcomanica which were rich in cis-chrysanthenyl acetate (29%), bornyl acetate (18%), camphor (9%) and 1,8-cineole (6.9%). The amount of oxygenated monoterpenes was the highest after one hour distillation (86.7%) which gradually decreased in the other two samples (72.7% and 38.2% respectively). In contrast, the content of sesquiterpenes and oxygenated sesquiterpenes increased in the last hour of distillation.
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