Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1 Department of Horticultural Science and Agronomy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Department of Horticulture and Agronomy, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
3 Department of Horticultural Science and Agronomy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Theran, Iran.
Abstract
Background and objectives:
Salinity is one of the most important abiotic stresses that reduces the production of agricultural products. Salinity is usually associated with oxidative stress due to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The use of growth stimulating compounds in order to reduce the effects of environmental stress in plants is of particular importance. The use of silicon sources such as potassium silicate plays an important role in modulating salinity stress in plants. By increasing plants' resistance to salt stress, potassium silicate can help improve the growth and performance of plants in areas with salty soils. These compounds cause ion balance in cells in adverse conditions and by improving water absorption and retention in plants, they reduce ion leakage and the negative effect of salinity stress.
Methodology:
The present study aimed to investigate the effect of potassium silicate on the growth and physiological and biochemical characteristics of goldenrod in a factorial design based on a completely randomized design with the factor of salinity stress at three levels (0, 60, and 120 millimolar) and foliar application of potassium silicate at three levels (0, 50, and 100 milligrams per liter) under greenhouse conditions. Foliar application was carried out three times at 15-day intervals. The first foliar application was performed at the 4-leaf stage. After the second foliar application, salinity stress was induced by applying 200 milliliters of sodium chloride solution to each pot for 40 days. To prevent salt accumulation in the pots, all pots were rinsed with non-saline water after every 4 irrigations with saline water. The investigated morphological variables include wet and dry weight of shoots and roots and plant height and other traits including plant pigments (chlorophyll a, b and total), relative leaf water content, ion leakage rate, proline, sodium and potassium absorption rate of roots and It was the aerial parts that were measured in the middle of the golden grass flowering period.
Results:
The results of the research showed that salinity stress caused yield reduction and potassium silicate moderated the negative effects of salinity stress by improving plant growth conditions. The results of the research showed that 120 mM salinity decreased the fresh weight of shoot (28%), dry weight of shoot (29%), fresh weight of root (38%), dry weight of root (37%), total chlorophyll (40%). percent), the relative content of leaf water (17%), root potassium (14%) and leaf potassium (16%) and increased ion leakage (23%), proline (13%), root sodium (256%), leaf sodium (325 percent) Potassium silicate, especially 100 mg/liter, moderated salinity stress by increasing plant weight, chlorophyll, leaf water content and potassium in leaves and roots, and reducing sodium accumulation in leaves and roots and ion leakage.
Conclusion:
The general results of the research showed that increasing the intensity of salinity stress is very destructive for the growth and functional characteristics of golden grass and potassium silicate 50 to 100 mM will moderate the salinity stress by increasing the quantitative and qualitative performance (biochemical and phytochemical) of golden grass. Therefore, in order to grow the golden grass plant, it should be noted that the water or soil used does not contain salts such as sodium and chlorine, or soil conditioners or growth stimulants should be used for the production and cultivation of this plant.
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