Effects of some medicinal plants water extracts on reducing Fusarium rot disease of cucumber and activity of polyphenol oxidase, β-1, 3-glucanase, and peroxidase enzymes in cucumber plants infected

Malekpur, S.; Nosrati, S.; Behboodian, B.; Gholamnezhad, J.; Armin, M.

doi:10.22092/ijmapr.2021.355339.3029

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

¹ Ph.D. student, Department of Agricultural- Biotechnology, Sabzevar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sabzevar, Iran

² Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd, Iran

³ Department of Animal Science, Kashmar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kashmar, Iran

⁴ Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture & Natural Resources, Ardakan Branch, Ardakan University Ardakan, Iran

⁵ Department of Agronomy, Sabzevar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sabzevar, Iran

https://doi.org/10.22092/ijmapr.2021.355339.3029

Abstract

In the present study, first, an in vitro experiment was conducted to study the effects of Thymus vulgaris L., Foeniculum vulgare Mill., Rosmarinus officinalis L., and Mentha piperita L. water extracts on reducing the growth of Fusarium rot disease factor of cucumber (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-cucumerinum (forc)) by the saturated paper disk method. According to the results, the water extracts of Th. vulgaris, F. vulgare, R. officinalis, and M. piperita at a concentration of 250 ppm with the inhibitory zone diameter of 24.66, 17.33, 11.66, and 10.33 mm, respectively, showed the highest antifungal activity compared to the control (the inhibitory zone diameter of 3.66 mm). Then, it followed by a greenhouse experiment to investigate the effects of Th. vulgaris and F. vulgare water extracts on the cucumber cv. Nagene treated with F. oxysporum. The water extract of Th. vulgaris at a concentration of 200 ppm with the disease index of 31% showed the greatest reduction in the disease symptoms compared to the infected control and the F. vulgare treatment with the disease indices of 82.66 and 42%, respectively. Study on the activity of polyphenol oxidase, β-1, 3-glucanase, and peroxidase enzymes under the greenhouse conditions showed that the activity of all three enzymes had an increasing trend. So that the activity of enzymes in the combined treatment of Th. vulgaris water extract (200 ppm) and pathogen increased respectively from 1.12, 1.11, and 0.27 ΔOD/min/mg protein on the first day after the inoculation to 5.25, 4.81, and 2.88 ΔOD/min/mg protein on the 12^th day, and it had a significant difference with the control. Considering the results of this research, it was found that the water extract of Th. vulgaris, in addition to the direct fungicidal effect, could increase the activity of defense enzymes in the cucumber plants resulted in the host plant resistance induction against the pathogen.

Keywords

20.1001.1.17350905.1400.37.6.3.4

Main Subjects

Biological effects of essential oils and extracts

References

- Abeles, F.B., Bosshart, R.P., Forrence, L.E. and Habig, W.E., 1971. Preparation and purification of glucanase and chitinase from bean leaves. Plant Physiology, 47(1): 129-134.

- Abkhoo, J. and Sabbagh, S.K., 2015. Control of Phytophthora melonis damping-off, induction of defense responses, and gene expression of cucumber treated with commercial extract from Ascophyllum nodosum. Journal of Applied phycology, 28(2): 1333-1342.

- Abo-Elyousr, K.A.M., Almasoudi, N.M., Abdelmagid, A.W.M., Roberto, S.R. and Youssef., K., 2020. Plant extract treatments induce resistance to bacterial spot by tomato plants for a sustainable system. Horticulturae, 6(2): 36.

- Al-Tuwaigri, M.M., 2008. Biological control of Fusarium root-rot of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) by rhizospheric isolates of Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma viride. The Egyptian journal of Experimental Biology (Botany), 4: 79-86.

- Anguelova-Merhar, V.S., Vander Westhuizen, A.J. and Pretorius, Z.A., 2008. β-1,3-Glucanase and chitinase activities and the resistance response of wheat to leaf rust. Journal of phytopathology, 149(7-8): 381-384.

- Ataei Azimi, A., Hashemloian Delnavaz, B. and Mansoorghanaei, A., 2006. Antifungal effects of water, alcoholic and phenolic extracts of seeds and leaves of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench on Fusarium solani and F. poae. Journal of Medicinal Plants, 6(Supplement3): 26-32.

- Baker, B., Zambryski, P., Staskawicz, B. and Dinesh-Kumar, S.P., 1997. Signaling in plant microbe interactions. Science, 276(5313): 726-733.

- Bakkali, F., Averbeck, S., Averbeck, D. and Idaomar, M., 2008. Biological effects of essential oils - A review. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 46(2): 446-475.

- Bradford, M.M., 1976. A rapid and sensitive method for quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein dye binding. Analytical Biochemistr, 72: 248-254.

- Butler, J.E., Hamilton, W.C., Sasser, R.G., Ruder, C.A., Hass, G.M. and Williams, R.J., 1982. Detection and partial characterization of two bovine pregnancy specific proteins. Biology of Reproduction, 26(5): 925-933.

- Chen, B., Zhong, D. and Monteiro, B., 2006. Comparative genomics and evolution of the HSP90 family of genes across all kingdoms of organisms. BMC Genomics, 7(1): 156.

- Daayf, F., Platt, H.W., Mahuku, G. and Peters, R.D., 2001. Relationship between RAPDs, Gpi-allozyme patterns, mating types, and resistance to metalaxyl of Phytophthora infestans in Canada in 1997. American Journal of Potato Research, 78(2): 129-139.

- El-Sheekh, M.M., Mousa, A.S.H. and Farghl, A.A.M., 2020. Biological control of Fusarium wilt disease of tomato plants using seaweed extracts. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 45: 4557-4570.

- Franzener, G., Schwan-Estrada, K.R.F., Moura, G.S., Kuhn, O.J. and Stangarlin, J.R., 2017. Induction of defense enzymes and control of anthracnose in cucumber by Corymbia citriodora aqueous extract. Summa Phytopathologica, 44(1): 10-16.

- Fravel, D., Olivain, C. and Alabouvette, C., 2003. Fusarium oxysporum and its biocontrol. New Phytologist, 157(3): 493-502.

- Ghaderi, S., Falahati-Hossein-Abad, A., Sarailoo, M.H. and Ghanbari, V., 2012. Investigation of the components and antibacterial effects of three plants essential oil Coriandrum sativum, Achillea millefolium, Anethum graveolens in vitro. Journal of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, 14(5): 74-82.

- Gholamnezhad, J., 2019. Effect of plant extracts on activity of some defense enzymes of apple fruit in interaction with Botrytis cinerea. Journal of Integrative Agriculture. 18(1): 115-123.

- Glazebrook, J., 2005. Contrasting mechanisms of defense against biotrophic and necrotrophic pathogens. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 43: 205-227.

- Gonçalves, G.M.S., Srebernich, S.M., Bragagnolo, N., Madalozzo, E.S., Merhi, V.L. and Pires, D.C., 2013. Study of the composition of Thymus vulgaris essential oil, developing of topic formulations and evaluation of antimicrobial efficacy. Journal of Medicinal Plant Research, 7(17): 1736-1745.

- Hadian, S., Rahnama, K., Jamali, S. and Eskandari, A., 2011. Comparing Neem extract with chemical control on Fusarium oxysporum and Meloidogyne incognita complex of tomato. Advances in Environmental Biology, 5(8): 2052-2057.

- Huang, S., Li, R., Zhang, Z., Li, L., Gu, X., Fan, W., Lucas, W., Wang, X., Xie, B. and Ni, P., 2009. The genome of the cucumber, Cucumis sativus L. Nature Genetics, 41: 1275-1281.

- Jasenka, C., Karolina, V., Jelena, P., Drazenka, J. and Ravlic, M., 2010. In vitro antifungal activity of essential oils on growth of phytopathogenic fungi. Plant Archives, 16: 25-28.

- Kuc, J., 2001. Concepts and direction of induced systemic resistance in plants and its application. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 107: 7-12.

- Leung, A.Y. and Faster, S., 1996. Encyclopedia of common natural ingredients used food, drugs and comsmetics: 446-448. In: Abourashed, E.A. and Khan, I.A., (Eds.). Leungs Encylopedia of Common Natural Ingredients. John Witey & Sons, New York, 688p.

- Liu, L., Kloepper, J.W. and Tuzun, S., 1995. Induction of systemic resistance in cucumber against Fusarium wilt by plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. Phytopathology, 85: 695-698.

- Lokman, A., 2010. Inhibitory effectt of essential oil on aflatoxin activities. African Journal of Biotechnology, 9(17): 2474-2481.

- Lurie, S., Fallik, E., Handors, A. and Shapira, R., 1997. The possible involvement of proxidase in resistance to Botrytis cinerea in heat treated tomato fruit. Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology, 50(3): 141-149.

- Mahalakshmi, G., Vengadeshkumar, L., Rajamohan K., Sanjaygandhi S. and Sharmila, A.M., 2020. Leaf extract of Rhizophora apiculata as a potential bio-inducer of early bight disease resistance in tomato plant. Novel Research in Microbiology Journal, 4(2): 714-724.

- Maddahi, P. and Nematollahi, S., 2019. The effect of some medicinal plant extracts on Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici causal agent of tomato wilts disease in laboratory and greenhouse conditions. International Journal Molecular and Clinical Microbiology, 9(2): 1188-1196.

- Mucciarelli, M., Scannerini, S., Bertea, C. and Maffei, M., 2003. In vitro and in vivo peppermint (Mentha piperita) growth promotion by non-mycorrhizal fungal colonization. New Phytologist. 158(3): 579-591.

- Nosrati, S., Zamani Zadeh, H.R., Morid, B. and Eslami, G., 2017. The use of SCAR markers to identify Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-cucumerinum. Modern Genetics Journal, 12(3): 477-482.

- Prusky, D., 2002. Mechanism of resistance of fruits and vegetables to postharvest diseases: 634-652. In: Jerry, A.B. and Jeffrey, K.B., (Eds.). Postharvest Phisiology and Pathology of Vegetables. CRC Press, 744p.

- Renjie, L., Zhenhong, L. and Shidi, S., 2010. GC-MS analysis of fennel essential oil and its effect on microbiology growth in rats’ intestine. African Journal of Microbiology Research, 4(12): 1319-1323.

- Reuveni, R., 1995. Biochemical Markers for Disease Resistance: 99-114. In: Singh, R.P. and Singh, U.S., (Eds.). Molecular Methods in Plant Pathology. Boca Raton, CRC Press, 544p.

- Rongai, D., Pucini, P., Pesce, B. and Milano, F., 2015. Antifungal activity of some botanical exracts on Fusarium oxysporum. Open Life Sciences, 10: 409-416.

- Shi, CH., Dai, Y., Xia, B., Xu, X., Xie, Y. and Liu, Q., 2001. The purification and spectral properties of polyphenol oxidase I from Nicotiana tabacum. Plant Molecular Biology Reporter, 19: 381-382.

- Tamuli, P., DaS, J. and Paran, B., 2014. Antifungal activity of polygonum hydropiper and Solanum melongena against plant pathogenic fungi. Plant Archives, 14(1): 15-17.

- Toyang, N.J. and Verpoorte, R., 2013. A review of the medicinal potentials of plants of the genus Vernonia (Asteraceae). Journal of Ethnopharmacolog, 146(3): 681-723.

- Vakalounakis, D.J., 1995. Root and stem rot of cucumber caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-cueumerinum. Plant Disease, 80: 313-316.

- Yang, T. and Poovaiah, B.W., 2002. Hydrogen Proxide homeostasis: Activation of plant catalase by calcium-calmodulin. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 99(6): 4097-4102.

- Yu, Q., Tsao, R., Chiba, M. and Potter, J., 2007. Elucidation of the nematicidal activity of bran and seed meal of oriental mustard (Brassica juncea) under controlled conditions. Journal of Food Agriculture & Environment, 5(3&4): 374-379.

Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research

Effects of some medicinal plants water extracts on reducing Fusarium rot disease of cucumber and activity of polyphenol oxidase, β-1, 3-glucanase, and peroxidase enzymes in cucumber plants infected

References

References

Volume 37, Issue 6 - Serial Number 110
January and February 2022
Pages 920-933

Effects of some medicinal plants water extracts on reducing Fusarium rot disease of cucumber and activity of polyphenol oxidase, β-1, 3-glucanase, and peroxidase enzymes in cucumber plants infected

References

References

Volume 37, Issue 6 - Serial Number 110January and February 2022Pages 920-933

Volume 37, Issue 6 - Serial Number 110
January and February 2022
Pages 920-933