Study of morphological characteristics and essential oil of different populations of Achillea wilhelmsii C. Koch

Fekri Qomi, S.; Sefidkon, F.; Salehi Shanjani, P.

doi:10.22092/ijmapr.2018.116043.2201

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

¹ M.Sc. Graduated, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran

² Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran

https://doi.org/10.22092/ijmapr.2018.116043.2201

Abstract

One of the most important methods of conservation and survival of plants in nature is the cultivation and domestication of plant species to select the best population. According to the necessity of cultivating and domesticating medicinal plants, in this research, 22 accessions of Achillea wilhelmsii C. Koch were planted and evaluated in the Alborz Research Station, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands. This research was performed in a randomized complete block design during 2013-2015. In order to study and compare the morphological characteristics of different accessions of this plant, the plant height, canopy cover, number of main stems, number of capitol per plant, number of florets in capitol, plant fresh and dry weight, and essential oil content were measured at 50% flowering. The extraction was carried out by water distillation method with Clevenger. Analysis of variance and mean comparison showed that the difference among the accessions was significant at 1% level. The results showed that Saqez 1 had the highest plant height, plant dry weight, number of capitol and florets and essential oil content. The correlation between the study characteristics was significant at 1% level; however, no significant correlation was found between essential oil content and other characteristics except for the number of capitol. Using the principal component analysis, the first five components explained 99% of the total variance of the variables. Canopy cover, plant height, number of stems, number of capitol, and plant fresh and dry weight, with a positive coefficient, had the most important role in explaining the first component and explained 75% of the variance of the variables. In the cluster analysis, the accessions were divided into three groups, and the Saqez1 accession was placed in a separate cluster as an indicator.

Keywords

References

- Alimardan, E., Salehi Shanjani, P., Jafari, A.A. and Tabaei Aghdaei, S.R., 2015. Evaluation of yield and morphological traits in Iranian populations of Yarrow (Achillea millefolium L. and A. bieberestini L.). Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 31(4): 661-675.

- Babalar, M., Khoshsokhan, F., Fattahi Moghaddam, M.R. and Pourmeidani, A., 2013. An evaluation of the morphological diversity and oil content in some populations of Thymus kotschyanus Boiss. & Hohen. Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science, 44(2): 119-128.

- D’Andrea, L., 2002. Variation of morphology yield and essential oil components in common chamomile (Chamomilla recutita) cultivation grown in southern Italy. Journal of Herbs, Spices and Medicinal Plants. 9(4): 359-365.

- Farajpour, M., 2009. Study of Genetic and Morphological Variety Intra- and interspecific of Yarrow in Iran. M.Sc. Thesis Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Tehran University.

- Franz, C. and Holzl, J., 1978. Preliminary morphological and chemical characterization of some populations and varieties of Matricaria chamomilla L. Acta Horticulture, 73, 109-114.

- Ghani, A., Tehranifar, A., Azizi, M. and Taghi Ebadi, M., 2011. Effect of the date of planting on morphological characteristics, yield and essential oil content of Achillea millefolium subsp millefolium.L in Mashhad climatic conditions. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 9(3): 447-453.

- Ghani, A., Azizi, M., Pahlavanpour, A.A. and Hassanzadeh-Khayyat, M., 2009. Comparative study on the essential oil content and composition of Achillea eriophora DC. in field and wild conditions. Journal of Medicinal Plants, 2(30): 120-128.

- Ghani, A., Azizi, M., Hassanzadeh Khayyat, M. and Pahlavanpour, A.A., 2008. Analysing essential oils of two wild populations of Achillea wilhelmsii Koch. Journal of Water and Soil Science (Journal of Science and Technology of Agriculture and Natural Resources), 12(45): 581-589.

- Ghavami, F., 1997. Evaluation of Morphological, Phenological Characteristics and Electrophoretic Patterns of Protein of Mung Seeds. M.Sc. Thesis Agronomy, Isfahan University of Technology.

- Giorgi, A., Bononi, M., Tateo, F. and Cocucci, M., 2005. Yarrow (Achillea millefolium L.) growth at different altitudes in Central Italian Alps: biomass yield, oil content and quality. Journal of Herbs, Spices and Medicinal Plants, 11(3) 47-58.

- Mehdikhani, H., 2006. Morphological and molecular variation in Matricaria spp. M.Sc. Thesis, Zabol University.

- Mehrpur, S., Mirzaie-Nadoushan, H., Majd, A. and Sefidkon, F., 2002. Karyotypic studies of two Thymus species. Cytologia, 67(4): 343-349.

- Mirahmadi, S.F., 2010. Assessment of Genetic Variety of Some Iranian Population of Yellow Yarrow with Using of Morphological Markers, DNA and Phytochemical. M.Sc. Thesis of Horticultural Science, Tehran University.

- Mozaffarian, V., 2008. Flora of Iran (No. 59 Compositae: Anthemideae & Echinopeae). Research Institute of Forest and Ranglands, Tehran, Iran, 443p.

- Omidbaigi, R., 2005. Production and Processing of Medicinal Plants (Vol. 1). Astan Qods Razavi Publisher, Mashhad, 347p.

- Omidi Tabrizi, A.H., Ghannadha, M.R., Ahmadi, M.R. and Payghambari, S.A., 1999. Evaluation of some important agronomic traits safflower using multivariate statistical methods. Iranian Journal of Agriculture Science, 30(4): 817-826.

- Patel, D.G., Patel, P.S. and Patel, I.D., 2008. Studies on variability of some morphological characters in fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.). Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops, 17: 29-32.

- Rahimmalek, M., 2012. Genetic relationships among Achillea tenuifolia accessions using molecular and morphological markers. Plant Omics Journal, 5(2): 128-135.

- Rahimmalek, M., Sayed Tabatabaei, B.E., Etemadi, N., Hossein Golid, S.A., Arzania, A. and Zeinalie, H., 2009. Essential oil variation among and within six Achillea species transferred from different ecological region in Iran to the field conditions. Industrial Crops and Products, 29: 348-355.

- Rechinger, K.H., 1982. Flora Iranica (No. 154). Akademische Druck-u. Verlagsanstalt Graz, Austria.

- Salamati, M.S. and Yosofi, M., 2014. Evaluation of variation for yield and morphological traits in Dracocephalum moldavica L. genotypes. Journal of Plant Researches (Irania Journal of Biology), 27(1): 91-99.

- Tabaei-Aghdaei, S.R., Rezaee, M.B. and Jebelly, M., 2004. Flower yield and Morphological characterististics in some genotypes of Rosa damascena Mill. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 20(1): 111-123.

- Taviani, P., Rosellini, D. and Veronesi, F., 2002. Variation of agronomic and essential oil traits among wild population of Chamomilla recutita L. from central Italy. Journal of Herbs, Spices and Medicinal Plants, 9(4): 359-365.

- Yousefzadeh, K., 2008. Study of Genetic Variation of Chamomile Tribe Based on morphological and Karyological Characteristics. M.Sc. Thesis Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Agricultural Faculty, Shahr-e Kord University.

- Zargari, A., 1989. Medicinal Plants (Vol. 3). Tehran University Publication, Tehran, 896p.

- Zeinali, E. and Rahimmalek, M., 2013. Effect of seasonal variation on essential oil yield, and morpho-physiological properties of Achillea filipendulina Lam. Journal of Herbal Drugs, 3(4): 199-208.

- Zeinali, H., Mozaffarian, V., Safaii, L., Davazdah emami, S. and Hooshmand, S.A., 2010. Study of morphological, phenological and essential oil variation in Matricaria recutita L. Plant Production Technology, 10(1): 49-58.

- Zeinali, H., Tabaei Aghdaei, S.R., Asgarzadeh, M., Kiyanipor, A. and Abtahi, S.M., 2007. Study the relationship between yield and flower yield components in genotypes of Rosa damascena Mill. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 23(2): 195-203.

- Zeinali, H., 1998. Evaluation of phenotypic and genotypic variety patterns assessment of yield and its parts in Sesame. M.Sc. Thesis Agronomy, Isfahan University.

Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research

Study of morphological characteristics and essential oil of different populations of Achillea wilhelmsii C. Koch

References

References

Volume 34, Issue 4 - Serial Number 90
September and October 2018
Pages 579-593

Study of morphological characteristics and essential oil of different populations of Achillea wilhelmsii C. Koch

References

References

Volume 34, Issue 4 - Serial Number 90September and October 2018Pages 579-593

Volume 34, Issue 4 - Serial Number 90
September and October 2018
Pages 579-593