Chemical composition and antifungal activity of Syzygium aromaticum L. essential oil

Moosavian, M.; Darvishnia, M.

doi:10.22092/ijmapr.2017.108235.1879

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

M. Moosavian ¹
M. Darvishnia ²

¹ Ph.D. Student of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agricultural, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran

² Department of Plant Protection, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran

https://doi.org/10.22092/ijmapr.2017.108235.1879

Abstract

This research was aimed to study the effects of antifungal activity of cloves (Syzygium aromaticum L.) essential oil against three pathogens-Botrytis cinerea, Alternaria alternata and Fusarium solani-isolated from tomato, cherries and potatoes by adding the fungus to their medium and also identify antifungal activity of the essential oil as a food preservative against the pathogen. Essential oil was extracted by Clevenger-type apparatus and identification and amount of the essential oil was performed using chromatography–mass spectroscopy and gas chromatography.The most important components of the essential oil were isoeugenol (87.09%), eugenol acetate (9.71%), Aromadendrene (0.68%), Chavicol (0.3%), and Linalool (12.51%), respectively. Isoeugenol has the highest percentage of growth inhibitory on B. cinerea, so that, on average, 97% of the growth of this fungus was prevented at the concentration of 200 µl/l. However, the growth inhibitory percentage at this concentration was calculated to be 87% and 94%, for A. alternata and F. solani, respectively. More than 95% and 100% of the growth of all three fungi was prevented at concentrations of 500 and 1000 µl/l of essential oil.The best essential oil concentration to prevent the growth of fungi on fruit tissue was 200µl/l for B. cinerea, and 1000 µl/l for two other fungi. Antifungal properties of S. aromaticum essential oil are due to phenolic compounds in it like eugenol. Our results clearly showed that S. aromaticum essential oil was effective against post-harvest diseases, and its antiseptic properties could be used in plant pathology.

Keywords

References

- جایمند، ک. و رضایی، م.ب.، 1390. دستگاه‎های تقطیر، روش‎های آزمون و شاخص‎های بازداری در تجزیه اسانس. انجمن گیاهان دارویی، تهران. 350 صفحه.

- فتحی، ز.، 1388. بررسی تأثیر برخی اسانس های گیاهی در کنترل بیماری های قارچی بعد از برداشت گیلاس و زردآلو. پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد، علوم باغبانی. دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه.

- درویش‌نیا، م.، رضایی‌نژاد، ع.ا. و دلفان، ب.، 1394. اثر اسانس مرزه خوزستانی، رشینگری، کارواکرول و قارچ‌کش بنومیل بر بازدارندگی رشد قارچ Botrytis cinerea عامل بیماری پوسیدگی خاکستری میوه. به زراعی، 17(2): 540-531.

- Abbasi, N.A., Iqbal, Z., Maqbool, M. and Hafiz, I.A., 2009. Postharvest quality of mango (Mangifera indica L.) fruit as affected by chitosan coating. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 41(1): 343-357.

- Alam, M.H., Murat, E., Siegfrie, N. and Hubert, K., 2007. Chemical composition and content of essential oil from the bud cultivated Turkish clove (Syzygium aromaticum L.). BioResources, 2(2): 265-269.

- Chaieb, K., Hajlaoui, H., Zmantar, T., Kahla-Nakbi, A.B., Rouabhia, M., Mahdouani, K. and Bakhrouf, A., 2007. The chemical composition and biological activity of clove essential oil Eugenia caryophyllata (Syzigium aromaticum L. Myrtaceae): a short review. Phytotherapy Research, 21: 501-506.

- Deans, S.G. and Svoboda, K.P., 1990. The antimicrobial properties of marjoram (Origanum majarana L.) volatile oil. JournalofFlavour and Fragrance, 5: 187-190.

- Dormana, H.J.D., Peltoketo, A., Hiltunen, R. and Tikkanen, M.J., 2003. Characterisation of the antioxidant properties of de-odourised aqueous extacts from selected lamiaceae herbs. Food Chemistry, 83: 242-255.

- Evans, C.W., 1996. Trease and Evanes Pharmacognosy. London, 612p.

- Ferrante, A., Alberici, A. and Antonacci, S., 2007. Effect of promoter and inhibitors of phenyalanine ammonia-lyase enzyme on stem bending of cut gerbera flowers. Acta Horticulturae, 755: 471-473.

- Ghaderi, M., Mamashloo, S., Sadeghi Mahoonak, A.R. and Alami, M., 2011. Evaluation of antioxidant activity, reducing power and free radical scavenging of different extract of Artemisia annua L. Journal on Plant Science Researches, 21: 46-57.

- Ghani, A., Azizi, M. and Ebrahim Pourkumele, A., 2007. The effect of temperature and use of natural compound on storage of cherri (Prunus avium L.). Journal of Agricultural. Science and technology. Especial Issue for Horticultural Sciences, 57: 21-69.

- Hasanzadeh, H. and Aboutalebi A.H., 2012. Effect of rosemary and Indian clove essence, Putrescin, hot water treatment and thiabendazole fungicide on postharvest life on mango (Manfifera indica c.v Langra). Postharvest Technology of Horticultural Crops, 1(3): 107-114.

- Kalemba, D. and Kunicka, A., 2003. Antibacterial and antifungal properties of essential oils. Current Medicinal Chemistry, 10: 813-829.

- Kim, L.M., Lee, E.H., Hong, S.H., Song, H.J., Kim, S.H. and Shin, T.Y., 1998. Effect of Synzgium aromaticum extract on immediate hypersensitivity in rat. Journal Ethnopharmacol, 60: 125-131.

- Lee, K.G. and Shibamoto, T., 2001. Antioxidant property of aroma extract isolated from clove buds Syzygium aromaticum (L.). Food Chemistry, 74: 443-448.

- Mirzaei, S., Mohamadi Goltapeh, E. and Shams Bakhsh, M., 2007. Taxonomical studies on the genus Botrytis in Iran. Journal of Agricultural Technology, 3(1): 65-76.

- Misharina, T.A. and Samusenko, A.L., 2008. Antioxidant properties of essential oils from lemon grapefruit coriander clove and their mixtures. Biochemistry and Microbiology, 45: 438-442.

- Nelson, P.E., Toussoun, T.A. and Marasas, W.F.O., 1983. Fusarium Species: an Illustrated Manual for Identification. Pennsylvania State University Press, 193p.

- Oussalah, M., Caillet, S., Saucier, L. and Lacroix, M., 2006. Antimicrobial effects of selected plant essential oils on the growth of a Pseudomonas putida strain isolated from meat. Meat Science, 73: 236-244.

- Park, K. and Shin, S.C., 2005. Fumigant activity of plant essential oils and components from garlic (Allium sativum) and clove bud (Eugenia caryophyllata) oils against the Japanese termite (Reticulitermes speratus Kolbe). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 53(11): 4388-4392.

- Plotto, A., Roberts, D.D. and Roberts, R.G., 2003. Evaluation of plant essential oils as natural postharvest disease control of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum). Acta Horticulturae, 628: 737-745.

- Sangwan, N.K., Verma, B.S., Verma K.K. and Dhindsa, K.S., 1990. Nematicidal activity of some essential oils. Pesticide Science, 28: 331-335.

- Serrano, M., Martinez-Romero, D., Guillen, F., Valverde, J.M., Zapata, P.J., Castillo, S. and Valero, D., 2008. The addition of essential oils to MAP as a tool to maintain the overall quality of fruits. Trends in Food Science and Technology, 19: 464-471.

- Shahi, S.K., Patra, M., Shukla, P.A.C. and Dikshit, A., 2003. Use of essential oil as botanical-pestiside against postharvest spoilage in Mallus pumilo fruits. BioControl, 48: 223-232.

- Simmons, E.G., 2007. Alternaria: an identification manual. CBS, Utrecht 6: 1-775.

- Tournas, V.H. and Katsoudas, E., 2005. Mould and yeast flora in fresh berries, grapes and citrus fruits. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 105(1): 11-17.‏

- Tripathi, P. and Shukla, A.K., 2007. Emerging non-conventional technologies for control of postharvest diseases of perishables. Fresh Produce, 1(2): 111-120.

- Tripathi, P., Dubey, N.K. and Shukla, A.K., 2008. Use of some essential oils as post-harvest botanical fungicides in the management of grey mould of grapes caused by Botrytis cinerea. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 24: 39-46.

- Varma, J. and Dubey, N.K., 2001. Efficacy of essential oils of Caesulia axillaris and Mentha arvensis against some storage pests causing biodeterioration of food commodities. International Journal of Food
Microbiology, 68(3): 207-210.

- Vesaltalab, Z. and Gholami, M., 2010. The Effect of Clove Buds and Rosemary Extracts and Essences on Control of Botrytis cinerea Growth. Plant Production Technology, 11(2): 1-11.

- Wenqiang, G., Shufen, L., Ruixiang, Y., Shaokun, T. and Can, Q., 2007. Comparison of essential oils of clove buds extracted with supercritical carbon dioxide and other three traditional extraction methods. Food Chemistry, 101: 1558-1564.

- Wilson, C.L., Solar, J.M., EL-Ghaouth, A. and Wisniewski, M.E., 1997. Rapid evaluation of plant extracts and essential oils for antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea. Plant Disease, 81(2): 204-210.

- Yahyazadeh, M., Omidbaigi, R., Zare, R. and Taheri, H., 2008. Effect of some essential oils on mycelial growth of Penicillium digitatum Sacc. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 24: 1445-1450.

- Zokaee Khosroshahi, M.R., Esna-Ashari, M. and Ershadi, A., 2007. Effect of exogenous putrescent on postharvest life of strawberry fruit. Horticultural Science, 114: 27-32.

Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research

Chemical composition and antifungal activity of Syzygium aromaticum L. essential oil

References

References

Volume 33, Issue 4 - Serial Number 84
October 2017
Pages 552-562

Chemical composition and antifungal activity of Syzygium aromaticum L. essential oil

References

References

Volume 33, Issue 4 - Serial Number 84October 2017Pages 552-562

Volume 33, Issue 4 - Serial Number 84
October 2017
Pages 552-562