In collaboration with Scientific Association of Iranian Medicinal Plants

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Medicinal Plants Section, Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran,

2 Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran

Abstract

Peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) from Lamiaceae family is one of the most widely used medicinal plants. In addition to therapeutic effects, it is used as flavoring in the production of various foods and medicinal products. In addition to genotype, the quality and quantity of active ingredients in medicinal plants are influenced by environmental factors. This research was aimed to study the effects of drought stress and jasmonic acid on the quality and quantity of peppermint as a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design at University of Zanjan in 2015. The treatments consisted of three irrigation levels [50%, 75%, and 100% (control) of field capacity] as main factor and three concentrations of jasmonic acid (0, 50, and 100 mg l-1) as sub-factor. Rhizomes of plants were used for plant production. The plant samples were collected at flowering stage and after drying in the shade, the essential oil was extracted with water distillation method by Clevenger apparatus. The essential oil components were identified by GC and GC-MS. The results showed that the highest fresh and dry weight, height, total chlorophyll and relative leaf water content were obtained in control with 100 mg l-1 jasmonic acid. The highest peroxidase enzyme content was obtained at 50% field capacity drought stress with 100 mg l-1 jasmonic acid. The highest essential oil content was obtained at 75% field capacity drought stress with application of 50 mg l-1 jasmonic acid. The main essential oil components were menthol, menthon, 1,8-cineole, cyclohexanol, and methyl acetate. The highest amounts of menthol, menton, and 1,8-cineole were obtained from 100 mg l-1 jasmonic acid and the highest amount of cyclohexanol was obtained from 50 mg l-1 jasmonic acid. However, application of jasmonic acid decreased the amount of methyl acetate from 7.24% in control to 0.56% in 100 mg l-1 of JA treatment.

Keywords

- Agayi, F. and Mohebali pour, N., 2014. Effect of different level of foliar spraying of salicylic acid, methyl jasmonate and medium on shoot growth characteristics of lemon balm to in vitro culture. First International and 13th Iranian of Crop Sciences Congress and 3rd Iranian Seed Science and Technology Conference, Seed and Plant Improvment Institute Karaj, 24-26 August: 1-4.
- Angelova, B., Angelova, A., Papahadjopoulos-Sternberg, B., Lesieur, S., Sadoc, J.F., Ollivon, M. and Couvreur, P., 2006. Detailed structure of diamond-type lipid cubic nanoparticles. Journal of American Chemical Society, 128(17): 5813-5817.
- Apel, K. and Hirt, H., 2004. Reactive oxygen species: metabolism, oxidative stress and signal transduction. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 55: 373-399.
- Arnon, A.N., 1967. Method of extraction of chlorophyll in the plants. Agronomy Journal, 23: 112-121.
- Ashraf, M. and Foolad, M.R., 2007. Roles of glycine betaine and proline in improving plant abiotic stress resistance. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 59: 206-216.
- Ashrafi, M., Ghasemi Pir Baloti, A., Rahimmalek, M. and Hamid, B., 2012. The effect of jasmonic acid sprayed on the composition of (Thymus daenensis Celak.). Herbal Medicines, 3(2): 75-80.
- Azadbakht, M., 1999. Classification of Medicinal Plants. Teymorzadeh Publications Cultural Institute, Tehran, 258p.
- Boush, S.M., Schwrz, K. and Alegre, L., 1999. Enhanced formation of a-tocopherol and oxidize diterpenes in water-stressed Rosemary plants. Plant Physiology, 121: 1047-1052.
- Chong, T.M., Abdullah, M.A., Fadzillah, N.M., Lai, O.M. and Lajis, N.H., 2005. Jasmonic acid elicitation of anthraquinones with some associated enzymic and non-enzymic antioxidant responses in Morinda elliptica. Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 36: 469-477.
- Creelman, R.A. and Mullet, J.E., 2008. Biosynthesis and action of jasmonates in plants. Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology, 48: 355-381.
- Daneshmand, F., Arvin, M.J. and Kalantari, K.M., 2009. Effect of acetylsalicylic acid (Aspirin) on salt and osmotic stress tolerance in Solanum bulbocastanum in vitro: enzymatic antioxidants. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences, 6: 92-99.
- Fakhr Tabatabai, M., 1997. About Biology, Nature and other Articles on the General Ecology and Farming. Press Institute Majid, 329p.
- Farzaneh, M. and Tafazoli, A.S., 2014. Methyl jasmonic effect on carotenoid pigments and morphological characters of tomato under salt stress conditions. The First National Conference on Medicinal Plants and Sustainable Agriculture,
10 October: 125-135.
- FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization), 2008. Agricultural Biodiversity in FAO. Available at: http://www.fao.org/biodiversity
- Ghanati, F., Bakhtiarian, S. and Abdul maliki, P., 2000. Effects of methyl jasmonate on secondary metabolites pot marigold. Journal of Biotechnology and Lecturer, 1(3): 21-33
- Gul, P., 2005. Seasonal variation of oil and menthol content in Mentha arvensis Linn. Pakistan Journal of Forestry, 44: 16-20.
- Hamed, B.A., 2009. Effect of incorporation of data palm seeds with soil on the growth if parsley plant growing under drought stress. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences, 5: 733-739.
- Hamedi, B., Ghasemi Pirbalouti, A. and Moradi, P., 2014. The effect of foliar application of jasmonic acid on hypercine of Content of St. John’s Wort (Hypericum perforatum L.). Electronic Journal of Biology, 10(2): 35-39.
- Hasani, A.S. and Omidbaigi, R., 2002. Effects of water stress on some morphological, physiological and metabolic basil plant. Journal of Agricultural Knowledge, 12(3): 47-59.
- Hassani, A., 2006. Effect of water deficit stress on growth, yield and essential oil content of Dracocephalum moldavica. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 22(3): 256-261.
- Jaleel, C.A., Manivannan, P., Lakshmanan, G.M.A., Gomathinayagam, M. and Panneerselvam, R., 2008. Alterations in morphological parameters and photosynthetic pigment responses of Catharanthus roseus under soil water deficits. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 61: 298-303.
- Kafi, F. and Damghani, A.S., 2001. Plant Resistance Mechanisms to Environmental Stresses. University of Mashhad, 472p.
- Khalil, S.E., Abd El- Aziz, N.G. and Abou Leila, B.H., 2010. Effect of water stress, ascorbic acid and spraying time on some morphological and biochemical composition of Ocimum basilicum plant. Journal of American Science, 6(12): 33-44.
- Kheiry, A. and Sanikhani, M., 2014. Stimulate cell cultures to increase the production of secondary metabolites. National Conference of Medicinal Herbs, Traditional Medicine and Organic Farming, Shahid Mofateh University, 29 November: 10-22.
- Kim, H.J., Chen, F., Wang, X. and Rajapakse, N.C., 2006. Effect of chitosan on the biological properties of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). Journal of Agricucture and Food Chemistry, 53: 3696-3701.
- Kumari, G.J., Reddy, A.M., Naik, S.T., Kumar, S.G., Prasanthi, J., Sriranganayakulu, G., Reddy, P.C. and Sudhakar, C., 2006. Jasmonic acid induced changes in protein pattern, antioxidative enzyme activities and peroxidase isozymes in peanut seedlings. Biologia Plantarum, 50: 219-226.
- Larque Saavedra, A., 1979. Stomatal closur in response to acetylsalicylic acid treatment. Zeitschrift für Pflanzenphysiologie, 93(4): 371-375.
- Mac Adam, J.W., Nelson, C.J. and Sharp, R.E., 1992. Peroxidase activity in the leaf elongation zone of tall fescue. Plant Physiology, 99(3): 872-878.
- Martin, D., Tholl, D., Gershenzon, J. and Bohlmann, J., 2002. Methyl jasmonate induces traumatic resinducts, terpenoid resin biosys-thesis, and terpenoid accumulation in developing xylem of Norway spruce stems. Plant Physiology, 129: 1003-1018.
- Misra, A. and Sricastatva, N.K., 2000. Influence of water stress on Japanese mint. Journal of Herbs, Spices and Medicinal Plants, 7: 51-58.
- Moeini Ali-Shah, H., Heidari, R., Hassani, A. and Asadi Dizaji, A., 2006. Effect of water stress on some morphological and biochemical characteristics of purple basil (Ocimum basilicum). Journal of Biological Sciences, 6: 763-767.
- Mousavi, A., 2011. Effects of Jasmonic Acid and Salicylic Acid, Phytochemical Activity of Marigold (Calendula officinalis L.). Master's Thesis, Medicinal Herbs. Islamic Azad University of Shahrekord.
- Niyakan, M., Khavari Nejad, P. and Rezaei, M.B., 2000. Effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on the quantity and quality of essential oil of doctoral dissertation (Mentha piperita L.) mint biology, plant science. Islamic Azad University of Karaj, Iran.
- Omidbaigi, R., 2009. Production and Processing of Medicinal Plants (Vol. 2). Astan Quds Razavi, 438p.
- Petropoulos, S.A., Daferera, D., Polissiou, M.G. and Passam, H.C., 2008. The effect of water deficit stress on the growth, yield and composition of essential oils of parsley. Science Horticultural, 115: 393-397.
- Sairam, R.K., Deshmukh, P.S. and Saxena, D.C., 1998. Role of antioxidant systems in wheat genotypes tolerance to water stress. Biologia Plantarum, 41: 387-394.
- Salari, F. and Mansouri, H., 2012. Effect of jasmonic acid on terpenoids compounds in the Cannabis sativa L. at vegetative stage. Journal of Plant Process and Function, 1(2): 23-35.
- Sankar, B., Jaleel, C.A., Manivanna, P., Kishorekumor, A., Somasundaram, R. and Panneerselva, R., 2007. Droughtinduced biochemical modifications and proline metabolism in Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench. Acta Botanica Croatica, 66: 43-56.
- Schutz, M. and Fangmeir, E., 2001. Growth and yield responses of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Minaret) to elevated CO2 and water limitation. Environmental Pollution, 114: 187-194.
- Tahir, M.H.N., Imran, M. and Hussain, M.K., 2002. Evaluation of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) inbred lines for drought tolerance. International Journal of Agricultural Biology, 3: 398-400.
- Tazikehmiyandare, M., Niyakan, M. and Ahmadigosefidi, M., 2012. Effect of pretreatment of salicylate on the growth and photosynthetic pigments parameters of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) under different levels of stiffness, Journal of Plant Science Research, 28(4): 654-663.
- Wang, D., Shannon, M.C. and Grieve, C.M., 2001. Salinity reduces radiation absorption and use efficiency in soybean. Field Crops Research, 69: 267-277.
- Wu, H., Wu, X., Li, Z., Duan, L. and Zhang, M., 2012. Physiological evaluation of drought stress tolerance and recovery in cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L.) seedlings treated with methyl jasmonate and coronatine. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 31: 113-123.
- Yamasaki, S. and Dillenburg, L.R., 1999. Measurements of leaf relative water content in Araucaria angustifolia. Revista Brasilleira de Fisiologia Vegetal, 11: 69-75.
- Yu, K.W., Gao, W., Hahn, E.J. and Paek, K.Y., 2002. Jasmonic acid improves ginsenoside accumulation in adventitious root culture of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer. Biochemistry Engineering Journal,11: 211-215.