In collaboration with Scientific Association of Iranian Medicinal Plants

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 M.Sc. student, , Department of Crop Production and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran

2 Department of Crop Production and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Medicinal Plant Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Irrigation treatments were applied at two levels of 40% and 60% available soil water (ASW) depletion on Mashhad and Urmia ecotypes of two Lallemantia speciesincluding L. iberica Fisch. & C.A.Mey. and L. royleana. (Benth.) Benth. Increased available soil water depletion caused an increased seed mucilage percentage. The highest percentage of seed mucilage was obtained in 60% ASW depletion, L. royleana, and ecotype of Mashhad. The highest (11.22kg/ha) and lowest (6.25kg/ha) seed mucilage yield was obtained in 40% and 60% ASW depletion, respectively. In L. iberica, seed mucilage yield of Mashhad ecotype was 34.04 kg/ha higher as compared to Urmia ecotype. By increasing available soil water depletion, seed protein content decreased to 7.30% in L. iberica; however, it remained unchanged in L. royleana. Oil content was not affected by irrigation treatments. Oil yield of Mashhad ecotype of L. iberica was 41.5% higher as compared with Urmia ecotype. The highest grain yield (208.4kg/ha) was obtained at 40% available soil water depletion. The grain yield at 60% available soil water depletion (107.3kg/ha) decreased to 43.84% as compared to 40% available soil water depletion. Contrary to L. iberica, significant differences were observed among the ecotypes of L. royleana in terms of grain yield. In general, under deficit irrigation, seed mucilage percentage of balangu increased, however, the protein percentage decreased.

Keywords

- پیرزاد، ع.ر.، تاجبخش، م. و درویش‌زاده، ر.، 1390. اثر تنش کم‌آبی بر ترکیب شیمیایی، جوانه‌زنی بذور و رشد گیاهچه‌ها در بابونه آلمانی. دانش کشاورزی و تولید پایدار، 21(4): 153-140.
- تبریزی، ل.، 1385. اثر تنش آب و کود دامی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد و ویژگی‌های کیفی اسفرزه. پایان‌نامه کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد.
- حسنی، ع. و امیدبیگی، ر.، 1381. اثرات تنش آبی بر برخی خصوصیات مورفولوژیکی، فیزیولوژیکی و متابولیسمی گیاه ریحان. دانش کشاورزی، 1(3): 59-47.
- خواجه‌پور، م.ر.،1373. اصول و مبانی زراعت. انتشارات جهاد دانشگاهی اصفهان، 412 صفحه.
- دانشیان، ج. و جنوبی، پ.، 1381. بررسی اثر تنش خشکی و مقادیر کلسیم در خصوصیات سویا. علوم کشاورزی، 1: 108-95.
- رحیمیان، ح و خسروی، م.، 1375. فیزیولوژی بذر. انتشارات جهاد دانشگاهی، 96 صفحه.
- علی‌محمدی، ر.، 1381. کم‌آبی و راه‌های مقابله با آن در کشاورزی. خشکی و خشکسالی کشاورزی، 9: 67-58.
- عماد، م.، 1378. شناسایی گیاهان دارویی و صنعتی جنگلی و مرتعی و موارد مصرف آنها (جلد سوم). مؤسسه پژوهشی کاریز،
152 صفحه.
- قبادی، م.، 1385. بررسی اثر تنش خشکی و گرمای انتهای دوره ی رشد بر خصوصیات مورفوفیزیولوژیک و عملکرد رقم‌های بهاره کلزا. پایان‌نامه دکترای زراعت. دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، 210 صفحه.
- کافی، م. و مهدوی دامغانی، ع.، 1379. مکانیسم‌های مقاومت گیاهان به تنش‌های محیطی. انتشارات دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد،
472 صفحه.
- گلوی، م.، رمرودی، م. و منصوری، س.، 1385. بررسی تأثیر تاریخ کاشت بر عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد و کیفیت گیاه دارویی اسفرزه (Plantago ovata) در منطقه سیستان. پژوهش و سازندگی
(در منابع طبیعی)، 77: 140-136.
- میرآخوری، م.، پاک‌نژاد، ف.، اردکانی، م.، کوچکی، ع و ناظری، پ.، 1388. ارزیابی اثر تنش خشکی و محلول‌پاشی متانول بر مقدار پروتئین و روغن دانه، سرعت و دوره پر شدن دانه سویا (L 17). تنش‌های محیطی در علوم کشاورزی، 2(2): 183-171.
- نوروزپور، گ. و رضوانی مقدم، پ. 1384. اثر دوره‌های مختلف آبیاری و تراکم بر عملکرد و اجزاء عملکرد گیاه دارویی زیره سیاه (Nigella Sativa L.). پژوهشهای زراعی ایران، 3(2): 315-305.
- Ahmadi, M. and Bahrani, M.J., 2009. Yield and yield components of rapeseed as influenced by water stress at different growth stages and nitrogen levels. American-Eurasian Journal Agricultur and Environment Science, 5(6): 755-761.
- Ahmadian, A., Tavassoli, A. and Amiri, E., 2011. The interaction effect of water stress and manure on yield components, essential oil and chemical compositions of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.). African Journal of Agricultural Research, 6(10): 2309-2315.
- Anonymous, 2002. Determination of crude protein in cereals and cereal products for food and for fed. Standard methods of the international association for cereal science and technology, ICC Standard No:105/2, Viena.
- Ardakani, M.R., Abbaszadeh, B., Sharifi Ashourabadi, E., Lebaschi, M.H. and Packnejad, F., 2007. The effect of water deficit on quantitative and qualitative characters of balm (Melissa officinalis L.). Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 23(2): 251-261.
- Baher, Z.F., Mirza, M., Ghorbani, M. and Rezaii, M.B., 2002. The influence of water stress on plant height, herbal and essential oil yield and composition in Satureja hortensis L.Flavour and Fragrance Journal, 17: 275-277.
- Bajji, M., Lutts, S. and Kinet, J.M., 2001. Water deficit effects on solute contribution to osmotic adjustment as a function of leaf ageing in three durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) cultivars performing differently in arid condition. Plant Science, 160(4): 669-681.
- Erdem, T., Erdem, Y., Orta, A.H. and Okursoy, H., 2006. Use of a crop water stress index for scheduling the irrigation of sunflower (Heliantus annuse L). Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 30: 11-20.
- Feller, U., 2004. Proteolysis: 107-123. In: Noodén, L.D., (Ed.). Plant Cell Death Processes, Elsevier, 392p.
- Ghamarnia, H. and Jalili, Z., 2013. Water stress effects on different black cumin (Nigella Sativa L.) components in a semi-arid region. International Journal of Agronomy and Plant Production, 4(3): 753-762.
- Ghoulam, C., Foursy, A. and Fares, K., 2002. Effects of salt stress on growth, inorganic ions and proline accumulation in relation to osmotic adjustment in five sugar beets cultivars. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 47: 39-50.
- Goksoy, A.T., Demir, A.O., Turan, Z.M. and Dagusta, N., 2004. Responses of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) to full and limited irrigation at different growth stages. Field Crops Research, 87: 167-178.
- Hondelmann, W. and Damborth, M., 1990. Identification and evaluation of oilseed-bearing wild species of forbs as potential crops for the extraction of industrial raw materials. Plant Research and Development, 31: 38-49.
- Huang, B. and Gao, H., 2000. Root physiological characteristics associated with drought resistance in tall fescue cultivars. Crop Science, 40: 196-203.
- Johnston, A.M., Tanaka, D.L., Miller, P.R., Brandt, S.A., Nielsen, D.C., Lafond, G.P. and Riveland, N.R., 2002. Oilseed crops for semiarid cropping systems in the northern great plains. Agronomy Journal, 94(2): 231-240.
- Kalnyasundram, N.K., Pateb, P.B. and Dalat, K.C., 1982. Nitrogen need of Plantago ovata Forsk.in relacion to the available nitrogen in soil. Indian Journal of Agricultural Science, 52: 240-242.
- Kilen, T.C., 1990. Brachytic stem and narrow leaflet on soybean seed composition and yield. Crop Science, 30(5): 1006-1008.
- Koocheki, A., Nassiri Mahallati, M. and Azizi, G., 2006. The effect of different irrigation intervals and plant densities on yield components of two fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) landraces. Journal of Science of Food and Agriculture, 4(1): 140-154.
- Mohammadkhani, N. and Heidari, R., 2008. Effects of drought stress on soluble proteins in two maize varieties. Turkish Biology, 32: 23-30.
- Moradi, K., Hamdi Shangari, A., Shahrajabian, M.H., Gharineh, M.H. and Madandost, M., 2010. Isabgol (Plantago ovata Forsk.) response to irrigation intervals and different nitrogen levels. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 26(2): 196-204.
- Munns, R., 2002. Comparative physiology of salt and water stress. Plant, Cell and Environment, 25(2): 239-250.
- Ntanose, D.A. and Koutroubas, S.D., 2002. Dry matter and N accumulation and translocation for Indica and Japonica rice under Mediterranean conditions. Field Crops Research, 74: 93-101.
- Omidbaigi, R., Hassani, A. and Sefidkon, F., 2003. Essential oil content and composition of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) at different irrigation regimes. Journal of Essential Oil-Bearing Plant, 6: 104-108.
- Refaat, A.M. and Saleh, M.M., 1997. The combined effect of irrigation intervals and foliar nutrition on sweet basil plants. Bulletin of Faculty of Agriculture University of Cairo, 48: 515-527.
- Richards, R., Rebetzke, G.J., Condon, A.G. and van Herwaarden, A.F., 2002. Breeding opportunities for increasing the efficiency of water use and crop yield in temperate cereals. Crop Science, 42: 111-121.
- Richardson, P., 1992. The chemistry of the Labiatae: An introduction and overview: 291-297. In: Harley, R.M. and Reynolds, T., (Eds.). Advances in Labiatae Science. Botanical Garden Kew, 568p.
- Sinaki, J.M., Heravan, E.M., Rad, A.H.S., Noormohammadi, G. and Zarei, G., 2007. The effects of water deficit during growth stages of canola (Brassica napus L.). American-Eurasian Journal Agriculture Environmental Science, 2(4): 417-422.
- Soxhlet, F., 1879. Die gewichtsanalytische Bestimmung des Milchfettes. Polytechnisches Journal, 232: 461.