M. Dejam; R. Ataollahi; S. Sadat Khaleghi
Abstract
Worldwide, large amounts of herbicides are used for weed control. Problems due to the use of these herbicides have forced researchers to find more suitable methods for management of weeds. Some plants including Eucalyptus species have allelopathic properties that could be used in production of natural ...
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Worldwide, large amounts of herbicides are used for weed control. Problems due to the use of these herbicides have forced researchers to find more suitable methods for management of weeds. Some plants including Eucalyptus species have allelopathic properties that could be used in production of natural herbicides for weeds management. This investigation was performed in order to use Eucalyptus globulus Labill. leaf extracts to control Physalis alkekengi L. weed. The experiment included five types of solvent extracts consisting of aqueous, methanolic, ethyl acetate, acetonic and benzene and different concentrations of extracts at five levels (0, 1.25, 2.5, 5 and 10 gram per liter). Results showed that, in all solvent extracts, the inhibition level on germination and seedling growth increased by increasing the concentration of the extract. Among the extracts, methanolic and benzene extracts showed the highest allopathic effects, while aqueous and acetonic extracts showed the lowest one. According to the results, methanolic extract showed strong inhibitory effects on germination and seedling growth of P. alkekengi L. Therefore, it is possible to use methanolic extract at concentrations of 5 and 10 g/lit for controlling P. alkekengi L. Although benzene extract at high concentrations showed no strong inhibitory effect on germination, it was extremely effective in reduction of seedling growth that could be considered in management program of P. alkekengi L. control.
M.K. Gharib Naseri; S. Handali; H. Hoseini
Volume 23, Issue 3 , November 2007, , Pages 340-349
Abstract
Physalis alkekengi L. fruit (from Solanaceae) shows diuretic and laxative activities. The aim of present study was to investigate the antispasmodic effect of hydroalcoholic leaf extract on rat ileum contractility. Leaf powder of Physalis alkekengi was extracted by maceration in 70% alcohol for 72 h. ...
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Physalis alkekengi L. fruit (from Solanaceae) shows diuretic and laxative activities. The aim of present study was to investigate the antispasmodic effect of hydroalcoholic leaf extract on rat ileum contractility. Leaf powder of Physalis alkekengi was extracted by maceration in 70% alcohol for 72 h. A terminal portion of male Wistar rat ileum was dissected and its contractions were recorded isotonically in an organ bath containing Tyrode solution (37 ºC, pH 7.4) under 1 g tension. The results showed cumulative concentrations of the extract (0.25-2 mg/ml) reduced the ileum contraction induced by KCl (60 mM) or by carbachol (10μM) dose-dependently (P<0.0001). The antispasmodic effect of extract at 1 mg/ml was attenuated (P<0.01) by incubation with propranolol (1μM, 30 min) but was not affected by tissue incubation with naloxone (1μM, 30 min) and L-NAME (100μM, 20 min). In Ca2+-free with high K+ (60mM) Tyrode solution, the extract (0.5-2mg/ml) reduced the ileum contractions induced by cumulative concentrations of CaCl2 dose-dependently (PPhysalis alkekengi leaf hydroalcoholic extract inhibited rat ileum contractions neither by involving opioid receptors nor by NO synthesis. It seems that partially β-adrenoceptors and mainly the calcium channels are involved in the spasmolytic effect of the extract.
