K. Jaimand; M.B. Rezaee; S.R. Tabaei Aghdaei; M. Nadery Hajibagher Kandy; S. Meshkizadeh
Abstract
In this study, tannin was extracted from rose water, wastewater and petal residue of Rosa damascena Mill. Twenty one accessions collected from different provinces of Iran and cultivated in the Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands were sampled for extraction. Then, each sample of essential oil, ...
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In this study, tannin was extracted from rose water, wastewater and petal residue of Rosa damascena Mill. Twenty one accessions collected from different provinces of Iran and cultivated in the Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands were sampled for extraction. Then, each sample of essential oil, rose water, wastewater and petal residue were prepared. The amount of tannin in the samples was measured by colorimetric method and spectrophotometer apparatus (Model 340 Hitachi) at 760 nm. The highest amount of tannin in rose water, wastewater and petal residue was respectively obtained from Khuzistan and Ilam (2163 ppm), Qom (1846 ppm), and Gillan (1432 ppm) accessions for rose water, Zanjan (1919 ppm), Mazandaran (1895 ppm) Qom, Gilan, Lorestan and Isfahan (1871 ppm) accessions for wastewater, and Yazd (3432 ppm), Sistan and Baluchestan (3139 ppm) and Kohgiluyeh-Boyer Ahmad (2993 ppm) accessions for petal residual. According to the results, it is recommended to extract tannin from samples used in rose water production. In other words, this will be economically useful for rose water traditional producers.
M. Mirza; M. Najafpour Navaei
Volume 23, Issue 3 , November 2007, , Pages 375-381
Abstract
Rosa damascene is one of the aromatic and medicinal plants which its flowers are used for obtaining rose water by traditional and industrial methods. In addition of rose water, the flowers contain 0.02% essential oil which is called first oil or direct oil. This essential oil is very valuable but there ...
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Rosa damascene is one of the aromatic and medicinal plants which its flowers are used for obtaining rose water by traditional and industrial methods. In addition of rose water, the flowers contain 0.02% essential oil which is called first oil or direct oil. This essential oil is very valuable but there are many water soluble compounds which are solved in rose water and therefore they should be extracted by different distillation methods. In this research two methods for distillation of rose water were used. These methods were distillation at atmospheric pressure (760 Torr) and vacuum. At both methods, all physicochemical parameters should be controlled till the best essential oil is obtained. This essential oil is called water oil or second oil. Essential oils, extracted from rose water by two methods, were evaluated for their chemical composition by GC and GC/MS. Comparative study of main components of essential oil obtained by distillation at atmospheric pressure and vacuum showed that the percentage of alcohols have increased by vacuum method. The amount of 2-phenyl ethyl alcohol has increased from 5.6% to 7.5%, followed by citronellol from 59.5% to 61.2% and geraniol from 13.2% to 14.3%.
M.B. Khodaei; V. Samadi; H. Salahshoor
Volume 22, Issue 4 , February 2007, , Pages 373-385
Abstract
In order to trace the role of rose water and its related products in the national economy, and subsequently to approach a sound planning and policy making in this regard, the statistics of rose water, essential oil, rose jam, and dried flower buds exports to Asian countries within a period of 6 ...
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In order to trace the role of rose water and its related products in the national economy, and subsequently to approach a sound planning and policy making in this regard, the statistics of rose water, essential oil, rose jam, and dried flower buds exports to Asian countries within a period of 6 years (2000-2005) were evaluated. The percentage contribution of each receiving markets were revealed. In the studied period, among 23 Asian countries receiving rose water, above 55 percents of products were exported to Southern Persian Gulf neighboring Arab countries. Essential oil exported to 7 counties, and trends in demand were positive for 4 years in the beginning of this period, and did get negative in 2003, and completely stopped in 2004. Therefore the reasons for the occurring of this phenomena in essential oil demands needs to be studied. Rose jam and rose dry flower buds were exported to 4 and 3 countries respectively. End of the studied period in compare with begging of this period the amount of rose jam exporting was increased about 9 folds. With considering the major fluctuation in rose water related products exports within this period to different Asian countries demonstrate the existence of high potential demanding markets which needs to be taken further consideration in future policy making and export planning.
