Biotechnology
M. Ahmadi-Roshan; G. Karimzadeh; S. Rashidi monfared
Abstract
Satureja bachtiarica Bunge is one of the endemic Satureja species in Iran, which has strong antioxidant and antimicrobial properties as well as economic and medicinal vlaue due to the presence of compounds like carvacrol and thymol in the essential oil and rosmarinic acid and other phenolic acids in ...
Read More
Satureja bachtiarica Bunge is one of the endemic Satureja species in Iran, which has strong antioxidant and antimicrobial properties as well as economic and medicinal vlaue due to the presence of compounds like carvacrol and thymol in the essential oil and rosmarinic acid and other phenolic acids in the extract. In this study, 10 shooting and 8 rooting treatments were used in MS medium to produce clones of this species using micropropagation method. The shooting treatments were a combination of cytokinins (Kin, 2ip, and TDZ) and auxins (IBA and BA) with different concentrations. The rooting treatments were also a combination of different concentrations of auxins (IBA and NAA). The best shooting treatment [IBA (0.01 mg l-1), TDZ (0.05 mg l-1), and 2ip (0.3 mg l-1)] was recognized by examining traits such as number and length of main and secondary shoots, number of leaves, number of lateral active buds, and leaf colour. Number of main and lateral roots were also criteria for the best rooting treatment [IBA (0.5 mg l-1) and NAA (0.5 mg l-1)] selection. Since S. bachtiarica is an allogamous plant and has a high diversity for different traits like metabolites, practical purpose of the present study was mass production of identical individuals for use in breeding programs. This purpose was done by presenting the micropropagation protocol of this valuable plant.
Agriculture and horticulture
M. Yadegari
Abstract
Due to the valuable role of savory (Satureja spp.) in pharmaceutical and food industries, three separate factorial experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design with four replications in Islamic Azad University, Branch of Shahrekord in the 2021-2022 crop year to study the effects of NPK, ...
Read More
Due to the valuable role of savory (Satureja spp.) in pharmaceutical and food industries, three separate factorial experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design with four replications in Islamic Azad University, Branch of Shahrekord in the 2021-2022 crop year to study the effects of NPK, butamisol, and humic acid fertilizers on the morphophysiological characteristics and essential oil of three savory species (S. bachtiarica Bunge, S. mutica Fisch. & C. A. Mey., and S. khuzistanica Jamzad) under drought stress conditions. Experimental treatments included non-use (A1) and use (A2) of NPK, non-use (B1) and use (B2) of humic acid, non-use (C1) and use (C2) of botamisol, and drought stress at three levels of field capacity (D1), and 50% (D2) and 75% (D3) moisture loss. The A2B2C2D1 treatment resulted in the highest plant height (57.5±1.1 cm), number of main branches (23.4±1.7), total chlorophyll (1.55±0.02 mg.g-1 FW), and essential oil content (1.94±0.03%) in S. bachtiarica. The highest proline (13.99±1.2 µg.g-1 FW) and lowest essential oil (0.79±0.02%) amounts was obtained in S. mutica in the A1B1C1D3 treatment. From the 11 essential oil compounds, monoterpenoids such as ρ-cymene and carvacrol in S. bachtiarica, carvacrol and ɣ-terpinene in S. khuzistanica, and ρ-cymene and thymol in S. mutica were identified as major essential oil constituents. Better nutrition and minimum stress with temperate climate of the region under study led to the introduction of S. bachtiarica as the best species.
Sh. Tajmirali; Mahbubeh Setorki; Z. Hooshmandi
Abstract
Given the role of inflammation and pain, causing delayed diseases recovery, as well as the side effects of chemical drugs and traditional uses of Satureja bachtiarica Bunge, this study was aimed to evaluate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of S. bachtiarica essential oil. In this experimental ...
Read More
Given the role of inflammation and pain, causing delayed diseases recovery, as well as the side effects of chemical drugs and traditional uses of Satureja bachtiarica Bunge, this study was aimed to evaluate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of S. bachtiarica essential oil. In this experimental study, analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of S. bachtiarica essential oil were evaluated using acetic acid and xylene tests. In each test, male NMRI mice were randomly divided into five groups including control (normal saline, IP), positive control (indomethacin at a dose of 10 mg/kg/dexamethasone at a dose of 2mg/kg, IP) and intervention groups (Satureja bachtiarica essential oil at doses of 50, 75 and 100 mg/kg, IP). The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software. According to the results, S. bachtiarica essential oil at doses of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg and indomethacin caused significant analgesic effects compared to the control group (P<0.001), and higher analgesic effect was recorded for the dose of 100mg/kg showed. In xylene test, inflammation in groups receiving S. bachtiarica essential oil at doses of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg and dexamethasone was significantly lower than that of control group (P<0.001). Our results clearly showed the positive effects of Satureja bachtiarica essential oil in reducing inflammation and pain.
M. Eskandari
Abstract
Environmental stresses, particularly drought stress, are considered as one of the major obstacles in the production of horticultural crops in many parts of the world, especially in arid and semiarid regions like Iran. Brassinosteroids are of plant steroidal compounds with broad biological activities ...
Read More
Environmental stresses, particularly drought stress, are considered as one of the major obstacles in the production of horticultural crops in many parts of the world, especially in arid and semiarid regions like Iran. Brassinosteroids are of plant steroidal compounds with broad biological activities that are able to increase plant performance through changes in plant metabolism and protectecting them against environmental stresses especially drough stress. In a greenhouse study, the impact of three levels of irrigation at field capacity (FC), mild stress (FC2/3) and severe stress (FC1/3) and four concentrations of plant growth regulators of Article 28-Homobrassinolid including zero, 10-10 M, 10-8 M and 10-6 M were investigated on some traits of Satureja Bachtiarica Bunge. The results showed that reducing irrigation had a significant effect on the reduction of growth parameters, including root length, root dry weight, stem diameter, branch number, plant height, shoot yield and total yield. Concentration of 10-8 M 28-Homobrassinolid significantly increased root dry weight, stem diameter, branch number, plant height, and total yield. Oil percentage showed a significant increase at 1% level of probability by reducing irrigation as it increased from 0.36% in full irrigation upto 0.87% in severe stress and use of 10-8 M hormone. Generally, our results showed that the use of 28-Homobrassinolid could increase dry matter yield through stimulating growth parameters and it was considered as as a good strategy to deal with water stress conditions.
Sh. Ahmadi; F. Sefidkon; P. Babakhanlo; F. Asgari; K. Khademi; N. Valizadeh; M.A. Karimifar
Abstract
The genus of Satureja consist of 30 species in world. Satureja bachtiarica Bunge is one of the endemic species of this genus in Iran. In order to identify the quality changes of essential oil of Satureja bachtiarica, we planted the specimen in 1382 in Khorram Abad on the 36 plot, using the split factorial ...
Read More
The genus of Satureja consist of 30 species in world. Satureja bachtiarica Bunge is one of the endemic species of this genus in Iran. In order to identify the quality changes of essential oil of Satureja bachtiarica, we planted the specimen in 1382 in Khorram Abad on the 36 plot, using the split factorial design in randomized complete block with 3 replications. Aerial parts of plants were collected in two stages (before and full flowering) from field and provenance in the second year. The plant materials were dried and hydro-distilled in order to obtain their essential oils. The oils were analyzed by capillary GC and GC/MS. The main component of essential oil before flowering stage were carvacrol (20٪), P-cymene (36.5٪) and thymol (19.2.(٪ In the flowering stage 21 compounds were characterized in the oil with carvacrol (25.5٪), p-cymene (23.2٪), thymol (0.5(٪ and mentone (18.5 (٪as the main constituents. Fifteen compounds were characterized in the oil of field sample (Khorram Abad). The main constituents of the oil were carvacrol (48.6٪) and p-cymene (28.6٪) before flowering stage. In the flowering stage 13 compounds were characterized in the oil with carvacrol (62.3٪) and p-cymene (21.2٪) as the main constituents. The oil yields of cultivated and wild S. bachtiarica samples were 1.1, 2.08% and 1.8, 1.1% before and full flowering stages, respectively. The amount of carvacrol in Satureja bachtiarica oils were 48.6%, 62.3% and 20%, 25.8%before and full flowering stages, in field and provenance, respectively. These results showed that variation of ecological characters like altitude, temperature, humidity and climate had effect on percentage of carvacrol.
F. Sefidkon; L. Sadeghzadeh; M. Teimouri; F. Asgari; Sh. Ahmadi
Volume 23, Issue 2 , August 2007, , Pages 174-182
Abstract
The genus Satureja represents 15 species in Iran, 9 of them are endemic. In this study, the aerial parts of Satureja khuzistanica Jamzad and Satureja bachtiarica Bunge were collected at two stage of plant growth (before flowering and full flowering) from their natural habitats. After drying the plant ...
Read More
The genus Satureja represents 15 species in Iran, 9 of them are endemic. In this study, the aerial parts of Satureja khuzistanica Jamzad and Satureja bachtiarica Bunge were collected at two stage of plant growth (before flowering and full flowering) from their natural habitats. After drying the plant materials in shade, essential oils were obtained by hydro-distillation and analyzed by capillary gas chromatography, using flame ionization and mass spectrometric detection. The results showed the oil of S. bachtiarica contained 20% carvacrol and 19% thymol before flowering and 26% carvacrol and 5% thymol at full flowering stage, as main components. The oil of S. khuzistanica, in both harvesting time contained about 90% carvacrol. Due to the antimicrobial effect of phenolic compounds, thymol and carvacrol, the antimicrobial effects of these oils were determined against five gram positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Micrococcus loteus, Staphylococcussp. and Staphylococcus areous) and three gram negative bacteria (Kellebsiella pneumonia, Kellebsiella oxytoca and Pseudomonas aeroginosa). The result showed the oil of S. khuzistanica had strong anti-bacterial effect in both harvesting stage. The anti-bacterial effect of S. bachtiarica oil was stronger before flowering stage, because of more percentage of phenolic compounds. So these oils can be used instead of synthetic antibiotics that their resistance against bacteria increased daily.
