Identification, introduction, ecology and ethnobotany
M. Arbabi; P. Baradaran; S.B. Javadi; D. Shirdel
Abstract
Wild and cultivated medicinal plants are facing the spread of some plant mites’ activity under greenhouse conditions in Iran. The study of mite fauna of medicinal plants in different regions of the country showed that out of 135 plant species collected, 78 species from 35 families were hosts of ...
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Wild and cultivated medicinal plants are facing the spread of some plant mites’ activity under greenhouse conditions in Iran. The study of mite fauna of medicinal plants in different regions of the country showed that out of 135 plant species collected, 78 species from 35 families were hosts of harmful and predatory mites. More than 41 harmful and beneficial plant mite species from 12 families were identified. The plant family Asteraceae with nine plant species had the highest range of plant mite activity. The highest plant host diversity was recorded for Tetranychus urticae and Tydeidae mites with 53 and 16 plant species, respectively. Most of the nutritional symptoms and damages of mites from reduction to the cessation of plant growth caused by T. urticae on Malva sylvestris, Alcea sp. Glycyrrhiza glabra and Solanum transcaucasicum outdoors and on Portulaca oleracea, Mentha sp. and Fragaria sp. under greenhouse conditions. Symptoms of damages of Brevipalpus obovatus (in tea gardens), B. lewisi (on shell of guava fruits), Aculus semenovi (on Sophora alopecuroides), Trisetacus juniperinus (on Cupressus sempervirens), and Aceria sp. (on Lactuca serriola) were considered important. None of the collected predatory mites were effective in controlling T. urticae mites.
K. Saeidi; F. Sefidkon; A. Babaei
Abstract
Dog-rose fruit has valuable secondary metabolites such as carotenoids. This research was aimed to determine the carotenoids and lycopene content of dog-rose (Rosa canina L.) fruit in different habitats and awareness of the diversity of these compounds. For this purpose, the fruits were collected from ...
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Dog-rose fruit has valuable secondary metabolites such as carotenoids. This research was aimed to determine the carotenoids and lycopene content of dog-rose (Rosa canina L.) fruit in different habitats and awareness of the diversity of these compounds. For this purpose, the fruits were collected from 60 regions of the country during 2010-2012. Carotenoids and lycopene content were measured by spectrophotometer at wavelengths of 450 and 503 nm. Total carotenoids varied from 0.195 to 1.097 ma/g Fw. The highest and lowest total carotenoids were obtained from IR34 and IR9 accessions, respectively. Lycopene ranged between 0.029-0.32 mg/g FW and the highest and lowest lycopene was obtained from IR45 and IR9 accessions, respectively. Carotenoids and lycopene content showed significant differences in the studied regions (p < 0.05). According to the results of correlation, a significant positive correlation was found between total carotenoids and lycopene (r=0.726). In our study, the studied accessions were classified into three different clusters (C1-C3). Results from this study could be used in the future breeding program of dog-rose.
Z. Nazari; H. Mirzaie-Nodoushan; Gh. Bakhshi-Khaniki; F. Asadicorom
Abstract
Moringa peregrina (Forssk.) Fiori is an important neglected plant species, with medicinal, industrial and nutritional values, growing in South-East part of Iran. In spite of its high importance in various points of views, the species is not paid enough attention regarding various biologic aspects such ...
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Moringa peregrina (Forssk.) Fiori is an important neglected plant species, with medicinal, industrial and nutritional values, growing in South-East part of Iran. In spite of its high importance in various points of views, the species is not paid enough attention regarding various biologic aspects such as karyotypic characteristics. Four plant populations as well as two tissue cultured samples of the species were used for karyotypic studies. Chromosome dimensions were recorded on which several statistics were estimated for karyotypic asymmetric comparisons on the mentioned plant populations and samples. The recorded karyotypic data were analyzed by nested and factorial statistic models. Chromosomes counting reviled the constant diploid karyotype with 2n=2x=28 chromosomes for all of the studied samples. Analysis of variance showed significant differences (α=1%) between the plant populations and samples based on the recorded karyotypic characteristics. Several anioploid cells were also recorded. It was concluded that the species contains small chromosomes, so that general chromosome means of the studied samples varied between 1.19 to 2.1 μ. The longest genome (51.2μ) belonged to Kenshki sample which was tissue culture based sample. The shortest genome (33.3μ) belonged to Garhoon plant population. In other words tissue culture based samples grouped in distinct classes compared to other studied plant populations. Chanf plant population showed the most symmetric karyotype (45%) based on TF%, whereas, Kenshki plant population revealed the most asymmetric karyotype (41%). DRL statistic and karyotype formula also clarified the mentioned symmetry conditions.
P. Ghomeshi Bozorg; M.R. Vahabi; M. Fazilati
Abstract
Gum tragacanth is of the most important herbal gums extracted from Astragalus gossypinus Fischer. Iran is the most important producer of tragacanth and nowadays it is being used in various industries like food, health care services and pharmaceutics. Since economic evaluation of tragacanth is performed ...
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Gum tragacanth is of the most important herbal gums extracted from Astragalus gossypinus Fischer. Iran is the most important producer of tragacanth and nowadays it is being used in various industries like food, health care services and pharmaceutics. Since economic evaluation of tragacanth is performed based on its quality, studying chemical combinations of gum tragacanth and detection of its habitats are very important. In this study, gum tragacanth from six habitats were collected in west of Isfahan province and most important combination of carbohydrate, Amino acid and inorganic elements were detected and compared. Results showed that Arabinose had the highest amount of sugar in gum tragacanth. Overall, 9 types of Amine acids were identified and among them hydroxy prolin and mationin were recorded as the highest and the lowest amount respectively. Also among the measured elements, calcium and phosphor had the highest percentage and nitrogen had the lowest percentage.
A.M. Asaadi; A. Khoshnod Yazdi
Abstract
Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss. is one of the medicinal and aromatic plants that is found in natural sites of mountainous areas. This plant is important because of it's high content of essential oil. In traditional medicine, this plant is used for fever reduction, joints pain, rheumatism, inflammation ...
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Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss. is one of the medicinal and aromatic plants that is found in natural sites of mountainous areas. This plant is important because of it's high content of essential oil. In traditional medicine, this plant is used for fever reduction, joints pain, rheumatism, inflammation against and sore recovery. The present study was done to introduce ecological characteristic and dense cultivation on farm land and then using this plant in medicinal industries. This study was carried out in rangelands of Bojnourd in 2008. In this site, different parameters like climate characters, geology, stand type, codominant plant and vegetable variation, physical and chemical analysis of the soil were determined. The results showed that Dracocephalum kotschyi could be adapted in regions with semiarid cold climate, annual rainfall average of 320 mm and annual average temperature of 10.22 °C. Dracocephalum kotschyi have dispersed in northern and north- west slope and altitude 1600-1800 m of sea level in rocky area. The physical and chemical analysis of soil showed that the soil was very shallow with loomy texture, pH= 7.57- 7.6, EC= 0.555 ds/m and CEC= 11.475- 11.9 Cmol/kg. The stand type was Stachys inflata- Festuca ovina and the codominant plants were over 58 species. Average of canopy covers and density were 0.122%, 361 shrubs in hectare, respectively.
M. Ranjzad; M. Khayyami; R. Heidari; A. Hasanzadeh
Volume 24, Issue 4 , February 2009, , Pages 455-462
Abstract
Linum nodiflorum L. has high amount of omega 3 fatty acid. In this study seeds of 8 populations of Linum nodiflorum L., collected from different parts of Kermanshah, were cultivated in a farm at Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of West Azarbaijan. Three samples from each population ...
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Linum nodiflorum L. has high amount of omega 3 fatty acid. In this study seeds of 8 populations of Linum nodiflorum L., collected from different parts of Kermanshah, were cultivated in a farm at Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of West Azarbaijan. Three samples from each population were selected randomly. During and at the end of growing season phenological and 27 morphological characters such as length of main and secondary stems, numbers of capsules, distance of peduncles, length and diameter of root and and so on were measured. Data was analyzed using SPSS software. The results showed: Some characters had positive correlation. Distance of peduncles with diameter of secondary stems and length and width of capsules with length of root had positive significant correlation at 5% level of significance. There were two individual groups in accordance with measured characteristics. Bistoon sample had the longest period of growth with 3 months and 13 days and the longest period of reproduction was for Mahmud Abad sample with 1 month and 17 days.
S. Zare Kia; R. Omidbaigi
Abstract
Milk thistle (Silybum marianum) is an annual range medicinal plant that wildly grows in some places of Iran. This research is the first ecological survey on milk thistle. The purpose is was to study ecological characteristics and phonologic stages of milk thistle. The climate of the area ...
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Milk thistle (Silybum marianum) is an annual range medicinal plant that wildly grows in some places of Iran. This research is the first ecological survey on milk thistle. The purpose is was to study ecological characteristics and phonologic stages of milk thistle. The climate of the area is wet. Annual average precipitation is 879.63 millimeters and annual average temperature is 16.29 centigrade. Results showed that the plant density and canopy cover in area was 30,000 plants per hectare and 33.2 % respectively. The mean length of root was 23 cm. The phonological studies showed that growth of roset leaves of milk thistle started from the end of September and continued till mid March. Stems appeared at the end of March, flowering took place from the end of April and the fruits ripped in mid May. On the basis of soil analysis, milk thistle prefers clay loam soils. Amounts of P, K, Ca, N, Organic matters, pH and EC were 4.25 ppm, 1584 ppm, 1.54 meq/lit, 0.16%, 4.26% and 0.1692 mMoh/cm respectively. Silymarin in the seed was 1.67%. Silybin in silymarin was 6.17%. Two different kinds of insect named: Oxythyrea cincletta and Epicormetis hirta poda observed on this plant.
H. Khakdaman; A. pourmeydani
Volume 20, Issue 1 , April 2004, , Pages 69-87
Abstract
The Jujube tree is a valuable medicinal plant that is considered as an important traditional medicine. It is spreade in different parts of Iran with different climatic conditions so it has a wide ecological tolerance range. Jujube is being found from humid and low altitute region in Caspin Sea littoral ...
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The Jujube tree is a valuable medicinal plant that is considered as an important traditional medicine. It is spreade in different parts of Iran with different climatic conditions so it has a wide ecological tolerance range. Jujube is being found from humid and low altitute region in Caspin Sea littoral to dry and deserty region in Yazd and Tabas and also Fars and Lorestan montains. The variety of Jujube locations shows genetic diversity of it which is being used in gardens and natural fields with differnce envirental conditions leading us to different quantity and quality of chemical components and ingredients needed for preparation of medicines, In additional protect of Jujube germinative is nessesary, because it is warnning in many ways.This study was executed for finding Jujube ecotype & genetic diversity in Iran in 1999-2002. Ecotypes of Jujube were found in 15 provinces of Iran and stool shoot from 29 regions planted in Badieii research station located in western part of Qom for morphologic and phenologic studies (every ecotype 5 stool shoot from 29 regions planted in Badieii research station located in western part of Qom for morphologic and phenologic studies (every ecotype 5 stool shoots). Characters of growth and birth orderly was recorded. Analysis of variance indicated that leaf lengh and width in every repeat had significant differences.
