M. Movaghari; H. Arzani; A. Tavili; H. Azarnivand; M. Saravi; M. Farahpoor
Abstract
Due to the lack of sufficient knowledge on rangeland suitability, rangelands are utilized intensely to provide livestock products and therefore other aspects of utilization have been ignored. However, Iran with more than 8000 plant species is one the world's richest plant communities so that medicinal ...
Read More
Due to the lack of sufficient knowledge on rangeland suitability, rangelands are utilized intensely to provide livestock products and therefore other aspects of utilization have been ignored. However, Iran with more than 8000 plant species is one the world's richest plant communities so that medicinal plants comprise much of this rich flora. Due to the high species diversity, Lasem Watershed has a great potential in the field of medicinal plants. This research was aimed to determine the suitability of medicinal plants in the mentioned watershed. The final suitability map of medicinal plants was prepared by combining vegetation and environmental factors in GIS environment. Sampling was performed randomly within the vegetation types using two 100-m perpendicular transects to measure vegetative characteristics including the frequency, canopy cover percentage, composition and production of medicinal species in 1-m2 plots. According to the obtained results, around 10.6% of the study area (1071.4 ha) was in good suitability class (S1), 28.1% (2841 ha) in fair suitability class (S2), 41.5% (4193.5 ha) in poor suitability class (S3), and 20% of the study area (2006.8 ha) was classified as non-suitable (N). Generally, production economic index was identified as the most important factor, reducing the rangeland suitability of Lasem watershed. In addition, due to the topographic conditions of the region, slope plays a significant role in reducing rangeland suitability.
A. Assarzadeh; H. Azarnivand; F. Sefidkon; H. Arzani; M.A. Zare-Chahooki
Abstract
The essential oil yield and chemical composition of the aerial parts of Artemisia sieberi Besser were investigated in two sites of grazed and ungrazed rangelands. Plant sampling was performed from 2 sites in Ahmadabad, located in Semnan province at the beginning of flowering stage in October 2010. The ...
Read More
The essential oil yield and chemical composition of the aerial parts of Artemisia sieberi Besser were investigated in two sites of grazed and ungrazed rangelands. Plant sampling was performed from 2 sites in Ahmadabad, located in Semnan province at the beginning of flowering stage in October 2010. The samples of inflorescences of plants were collected from 5 random points of each site. Then, air-dried parts of the plants were subjected to hydrodistillation using a Clevenger-type apparatus. Analysis and identification of chemical composition of the essential oils were performed by GC and GC/MS. There was no significant difference between the oil yields of Artemisia sieberi in 2 investigated sites. In ungrazed and grazed sites, the main components of essential oils were respectively, Camphor (48/03%), 1,8-Cineole (15/96%), Camphene (10/32%) and Camphor (51/82%), Camphene (10/86%), 1,8-Cineole (9/52%). According to the results, significant differences were recorded for Thuja-2,4(10)-diene (p<0.05) and α –Terpineol (p<0.01) between two studied sites. No significant differences were observed for the percentage of other componenets between 2 investigated sites. Also, comparison of the economic value of oil in one hectare with total area of the grazed and ungrazed rangelands showed that garzing caused a reduction in economic efficiency of oil.
N. Piroozi; H. Azarnivand; A. Kohandel; F. Khalighi-Sigaroodi
Abstract
Bidens bipinnata L. belongs to the family Asteraceae (Compositae) and genus of Bidens. In order to study the antioxidant activity, total phenolic and flavonoid content of methanolic extract of Bidens bipinnata L., were investigated. For this purpose, after full identification of the species and determination ...
Read More
Bidens bipinnata L. belongs to the family Asteraceae (Compositae) and genus of Bidens. In order to study the antioxidant activity, total phenolic and flavonoid content of methanolic extract of Bidens bipinnata L., were investigated. For this purpose, after full identification of the species and determination of its habitat in Alborz province, aerial parts of the plant were collected at fruiting stage. In this research, three methods including DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP were applied to measure flavonoid and total phenolic content of the species. Results showed that for methanol extract of the aerial parts of Bidens bipinnata, percentage of radical inhibition was 82.13 μg/ml (IC50> 100 μg/ml). The amount of ferrous sulfate reagent was 112.66 μM/g based on the dry weight of plant in FRAP method. According to the results of ABTS method, the amount of Ascorbic Acid, total flavonoids and total phenolic compounds were respectively calculated based on the dry weight of plant as 9.15 mg and also the amount of total flavonoids in dry weight of plant using rutin reagent was determined 12.21 mg/g and the amount of total phenolic compounds of the extract using Gallic Acid reagent was determined 2.88 mg/g.
N. Piroozi; H. Azarnivand; A. Kohandel; F. Khalighi-Sigaroodi
Abstract
One of the rangeland species that has many capabilities considering the studies done in terms of multiple uses is Bidens bipinnata L. which belongs to Compositae family and Bidens genus. This research was conducted in Karaj area in order to identification the chemical compounds in aerial parts of Bidens ...
Read More
One of the rangeland species that has many capabilities considering the studies done in terms of multiple uses is Bidens bipinnata L. which belongs to Compositae family and Bidens genus. This research was conducted in Karaj area in order to identification the chemical compounds in aerial parts of Bidens bipinnata. To study on ingredients of the essential oil, after complete identification of plant and determination of its habitat, the aerial parts of the plant in fruit stage were collected. Plant samples were dried in shade condition and essential oils were extracted by Clevenger apparatus through Hydrodistilation method. Chemical compounds of the essential oil were completely separated and identified by (GC) and (GC/MS). Thirty one compounds were identified that among those, α-pinene (25.83%), β-myrcene (22.73%), germacrene D (10.20%), Bicyclogermacrene (7.61%), δ-elemene (3.50%), spathulenol (2.94%), were identified as major compounds respectively.
H. Azarnivand; M. Ghavam Arabani; F. Sefidkon; A. Tavili
Abstract
Achillea millefolium L. subsp. millefolium is one of the valuable medicinal plants, belongs to Asteraceae family. This plant mainly grows in plaines, roadsides and mountainous regions. It is wound healer and because of having tannins, bitter and aromatic materials affects on the nervous system and heart. ...
Read More
Achillea millefolium L. subsp. millefolium is one of the valuable medicinal plants, belongs to Asteraceae family. This plant mainly grows in plaines, roadsides and mountainous regions. It is wound healer and because of having tannins, bitter and aromatic materials affects on the nervous system and heart. Recent researches show that it has anti-cancer property. For sampling, this plant was selected from 2 height location with definite distance (100 meter) in Siahbisheh at full flowering stage in July 2007. The samples of inflorescences and leaves of plants and sample of soil of the root place were collected from 3 random points of each hieght at lenght of one transect (100 meter). Then air dried parts of the plants (80 gr) subjected to hydrodistillation for 2h using a Clevenger-type apparatus and essential oils analyzed by GC and GC/MC. There is no significant difference between the flower oil yields of Achillea millefolium subsp. millefolium in 2 height, while there is significant difference between the oil yields of leaves (p<0.01) and the highest percentage of leaf oil (0.1%) belong to 2100m. Study of relation among soil characters and height to these quantity show that there is relationship between nitrogen of the soil and this quantity that has negative correlation. Major components of flower oils were 1,8-cineole (14.4% and 8.2%), cis-cadin-4-en-7-ol (4.6% and 15%), E-caryophyllene (5.5% and 4.8%), -γmuurolene (4/4% and 5.2%), camphor (2.6% and 4.1%), eudesma-4(15), 7-dien-1-β-ol (3.7% and 6.4%) in 2100 m and 2200 m, respectively. The main components of leaf oils were 1,8-cineole (5.6% and 4.7%), globulol (7.6% and 8.7%), E-caryophyllene (5% and 3.2%), cis-cadin-4-en-7-ol (25.5% and 0.4%) E-sesqui lavandulol (2.3% and 12.8%) and E-sesquilavandulyl acetate (2.4% and 8.1%) at 2100 m and 2200 m, respectively.
H. Azarnivand; M. Alikhah; H. Arzani; Gh. Amin; M. Jafari; S.S. Mousavi
Volume 25, Issue 1 , May 2009, , Pages 85-91
Abstract
The essential oil yield and composition of the aerial parts of Diplotaenia cachrydifolia Boiss. were investigated in green and dry states, to understand why it is toxic and unpalatable in green state and palatable in dry state, for livestock. The essential oil was obtained by hydro-distillation method ...
Read More
The essential oil yield and composition of the aerial parts of Diplotaenia cachrydifolia Boiss. were investigated in green and dry states, to understand why it is toxic and unpalatable in green state and palatable in dry state, for livestock. The essential oil was obtained by hydro-distillation method with Clevenger-type apparatus. GC and GC/MS analysis were carried out for investigating the oil composition. According to the results, the oil yield was 2.7% in green state and 0.4% in dry state. Ighteen components were identified representing 91.4% of the oil in green state and 17 components representing 91.6% of the oil in dry state. The major volatile components in green state were: limonene (49.6%), Cis-β-ocimene (12.6%), dill apiole (10.8%) and α-phellandrene (4.32%), respectively and in dry state were: limonene (50.7%), dill apiole (18.3%), Cis-β-ocimene (10.3%) and α-pinene (4.1%), respectively. The results showed that the high amount of the oil in green state is a factor for decreasing plant palatability. Furthermore, β-myrcene and α-phellandrene which are harmful biological compounds decreased in dry state. These compounds are introduced as forage anti-quality factors. In conclusion, the high quantity of volatile oil and some components are forage anti-quality factors.
