Agriculture and horticulture
S. Aghighi; Gh. Mohammadi-Nejad; Sh. Khandani
Abstract
Fusarium wilt disease is the most important disease of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) and causes great damage to it every year. The present study was conducted to evaluate the response of 13 cumin genotypes to Fusarium wilt disease as a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design (genotype as ...
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Fusarium wilt disease is the most important disease of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) and causes great damage to it every year. The present study was conducted to evaluate the response of 13 cumin genotypes to Fusarium wilt disease as a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design (genotype as the first factor and absence and presence of the pathogen as the second one) with three replications in the greenhouse of Research and Technology Institute of Plant Production, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman during growing season of 2020-2021. The results showed that the interaction of genotype and treatment was statistically significant on most of the traits. The highest traits correlation was observed between plant dry weight and number of umbrellas per plant (0.92) under the absence of pathogen conditions and between plant height and number of seeds per plant (0.76) under the presence of pathogen conditions. Cluster analysis (Ward method) regarding the studied traits divided the genotypes into three groups under the absence of pathogen conditions and two groups under the presence of pathogen. Principal component analysis showed that the first two components could explain 80.13% (absence of pathogen) and 84.55% (presence of pathogen) of the variations. Also, biplot analysis showed high diversity of the genotypes as well as confirming the clustering results. The genotype E7r1b1 had the highest plant mortality ratio (100%) under the presence of pathogen. Under the absence of pathogen, the genotype g8r2b2 had the highest yield (0.20 g) and number (75.66) of seeds per plant. Yield and number of seeds per plant decreased significantly under the presence of pathogen. The highest seed yield (0.14 g) under the presence of pathogen was observed in the genotype 2-14-3. Based on the studied traits, the genotypes g5r2B1 and F12r1b1 had the lowest potential compared to the others under the both conditions. In general, the genotypes reacted differently under the absence and presence of pathogen conditions. The genotypes that revealed tolerance to the disease conditions could be introduced as sources of tolerance in further breeding programs.
F. Ghasemi; Gh. Mohammadinejad; A. Baghizadeh; H.R. Kavossi
Abstract
In order to improve complex traits such as yield, one of the most effective approaches to select the desired genotypes is the use of selection indices. In this research, in order to evaluate the efficiency of different selection methods under stress conditions, 49 top cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) genotypes, ...
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In order to improve complex traits such as yield, one of the most effective approaches to select the desired genotypes is the use of selection indices. In this research, in order to evaluate the efficiency of different selection methods under stress conditions, 49 top cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) genotypes, selected in the second year of a two-year plan were evaluated. This research was conducted as a field experiment in a randomized complete block design with two replications under drought stress conditions in 2012 at the research farm of Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman. The selection indices Smith-Hazel 1 and 2 and Pesek-Baker were computed based on seven traits including plant height, number of lateral branches, umbels, umbellules, seeds, seeds weight and aerial parts weight (traits/plant). Also, the direct and correlated responses of these traits with seed yield were obtained. All three indices were evaluated in two forms, along with yield and without yield. The results of direct and correlated response of traits showed that genotypes with higher number of seeds and umbelluleshad higher yield potential. In the Smith-Hazel 1 and 2 indices, two traits including the number of seeds and umbelluleshad the highest response to the selection, while in the Pesek-Baker index, the number of branches was the highest response to the selection. The results indicated that the Smith-Hazel index had the highest selection efficiency and could be used to select appropriate genotypes in the cumin breeding programs under drought stress conditions.
F. Ghasemi; A. Baghizadeh; Gh. Mohammadinejad; H.R. Kavoosi
Abstract
The selection indices is one of the most effective methods for improving complex traits such as yield. In the current study, 50 genotypes of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) were evaluated to assess the efficiency of different selection indices. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design ...
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The selection indices is one of the most effective methods for improving complex traits such as yield. In the current study, 50 genotypes of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) were evaluated to assess the efficiency of different selection indices. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design whit three replications in the Research Farm of Shahid Bahonar University, Kerman, Iran in 2011-2012. The Smith-Hazel and Pesek-Baker indices were evaluated based on seven traits including plant height, number of branches, number of umbels/plant, number of umbelets/plant, number of seeds/plant, seed yield/plant and shoot weight (with and without seed). The results of response to selection and relative selection efficiency indicated that the genotypes with higher number of seeds and branches/plant and lower plant height had the highest yield potential. In the Smith-Hazel index, number of branches and umbelets/plant had the highest response to selection, while in the Pesek-Baker index, the number of umbels/plant had the highest response to selection. Our results indicated that the Smith-Hazel index had the most selection efficiency and could be used in cumin breeding programs.
